Interesting people in History: Bjork :: essays research papers

Bjrk first came to prominence as one of the lead vocalists of the avant-pop Icelandic sextet the Sugarcubes, but when she launched a solo career after the groups 1992 demise, she quickly eclipsed her old bands popularity. Instead of following in the Sugarcubes arty guitar rock pretensions, Bjrk immersed herself in saltation and club religious culture, working with many of the biggest names in the genre, including Nellee Hooper, Underworld, and Tricky. Debut, her first solo effort (except for an Icelandic-only smash released when she was just 11 years old), not only naturalised her new artistic direction, but it became an international hit, making her one of the 90s most unlikely stars.Though the title of Debut implied that it was Bjrks first-ever solo project, she had actually been a headmaster vocalist since she was a child. When she was in elementary school in Reykjavik, she studied classical piano and, eventually, her teachers submitted a tape of her singing Tina Charles &quo tI bang to Love" to Icelands Radio One. After "I Love to Love" was aired, a record label called Falkkin offered Bjrk a record contract. At the age of 11, her eponymous first album was released the record contained covers of several pop songs, including the Beatles "Fool on the Hill," and boasted ar twork from her m otherwise and guitar work from her stepfather. Bjrk became a hit within Iceland and was not released in any other country.Bjrks musical tastes were changed by the punk revolution of the late 70s in 1979, she formed a post-punk group called Exodus and, in the following year, she sang in block off 80. In 1981, Bjrk and Exodus bassist Jakob Magnusson formed Tappi Tikarrass, which released an EP, Bitid Fast I Vitid, on Spor later that year it was followed by the full-length Miranda in 1983. Following Tappi Tikarrass, she formed the goth-tinged post-punk group KUKL with Einar Orn Benediktsson. KUKL released two albums, The Eye (1984) and Holidays in Europ e (1986), on Crass Records before the band metamorphosed into the Sugarcubes in the summer of 1986.The Sugarcubes became one of the rare Icelandic bands to break out of their ingrained country when their debut album, Lifes Too Good, became a British and American hit in 1988. For the next four years, the group maintained a successful cult following in the U.K. and the U.S. while they were stars within Iceland. During 1990, Bjrk recorded a set of jazz standards and originals with an Icelandic bebop group called Trio Gudmundar Ingolfssonar.

Learning in the Early Years Essay -- Papers Child Psychology

Learning in the Early Years This assignment identifies they key ideas and work of Margaret McMillan, Maria Montession, Rudolph Steiner and Fredrich Froebel. To discuss how those early educators have influenced current early historic period practice and to identify to ways in which current provision and practice is influenced by the work of the early educators. Margaret McMillan (1860 - 1931) Margaret McMillan believed in active learning through first-hand experiences and exclamatory feelings and relationships aswel as physical aspects of movement and learning. She believed that children become whole people through sport. She thought play helps them to apply what they know and understand. Margaret McMillan emphasised the importance of a fold up partnership with parents she encouraged parents to develop alongside their children. Her most important achievement is to have been described as the godmother of school meals and the school medical services. Sh e believed that children are unable to learn if they are undernourished, poorly clothed, sick etc. To be described as the godmother Margaret McMillan began a campaign to improve the health of children by arguing that local anesthetic authorities should install bathrooms, improve ventilation and supply free school meals, eventually the House of Commons became convinced that hungry children cannot learn and passed the 1906 Provision of schoolhouse Meals Act. Margaret McMillan pioneered nursery schools, which she saw as an extension of, not a substitute for home and as communities in themselves. She emphasised the value of open air and introduced gardens for families to play and explore. Margaret McMill... ...ctice is Friedrich Froebel. Most mainstream early years provision in the UK is based on Froebelian principles. Childrens development is encouraged through provision of a wide range of materials and activities tailored to the needs of the individual child. The current best practice emphasises Friedrich Froebels beliefs that creativity, science and the humanities are important, these are now integrated across curriculum areas. Friedrich Froebel allowed children to use the Gifts and Occupations as they wished, with proscribed having to do set tasks of the kind that adults usually asked of them. In the current practice this is known as free-flow play, this occurs for an average of 80% of a childs day at nursery. Bibliography mannequin Worksheets. Nolan.Y (2002) BTEC National Early Years, Oxford, Heinemann.

Political Campaign: The Crusade Against Asian Americans Essay -- Econo

As most developed nations around the world continue to be plunged into the scotch crisis that began in 2008, any major country that continues to strive during the depression immediately perplexs the attention of the citizens of affected countries. While major global powers began to suffer from a button in international prominence, several foreign countries continued to experience economical growth. The countries that go through this growthsuch as Chinaeasily become despised by politicians and even became the targets of office candidates campaigns in the recent nation-wide elections. Although seemingly benevolent to the American public, the campaigns also indirectly create unfairness for the Asian AmericansChinese in particularwho reside in the equality-based country. In this paper, I will show how political campaigns against China demonstrate sentiments and stereotypes against Asian Americans at work, and thus reform unfair treatments and inequality against Asian Americans.Befor e examining how the negative characteristics of political campaigns against China negative characteristics and how they harmfully promote inequality against Asian American citizens, it is important to starting understand the nature of the advertisements as well as their origins. As with most political elections, candidates of the 2010 elections attempt to debunk their opponents credibility by the use of propaganda and advertising campaigns. However, as the United States continue to lose its former prominence in the global economic market, desperate politicians who wish to address the loss of jobs within the country and the economic decline did so by baselessly citing the outsourcing of jobs to other countries, mainly China, as a problem, and argue t... ...ment To Restrict Outsourcing To Asian Countries. Retrieved on November 28, 2010 from Thaindian News http//www.thaindian.com.Chen, D. W. (2010). China Emerges as a Scapegoat in Campaign Ads. Retrieved on November 25, 2010 from Th e New York Times http//www.nytimes.com.Kuo, K. (n.d.). Early Images of Asians in the U.S. PowerPoint slides. Retrieved on November 27, 2010 from the Arizona State University website http//www.asu.edu.Sue, D. W., Bucceri, J., Lin, A. I., Nadal, K. L.,& Torino, G. C. (2007). Racial Microaggressions and the Asian American Experience. heathen Diversity and Ethnic Minority Psychology, 13(1), 72-81. Retrieved on November 27, 2010 from the Arizona State University website http//www.asu.edu.Timmons, H. (2010). Outsourcing to India Draws Western Lawyers. Retrieved on November 25, 2010 from The New York Times http//www.nytimes.com.

Emersons Over-Soul :: Biography Biographies Essays

Emersons Over-Soul A citizen of Concord, a denizen of philosophy, a certain Mr. Emerson has recently informed me of his observations of a peculiar phenomenon he dubs the Over-Soul. I wish to, rather than contend over the particular, interpret the general meaning and nature of this universal specimen. Mr. Emerson thoughtfully maintains that we, as rational and sentient beings, do and shall, beyond dispute and by law of our existence, know a certainty when presented it. He further entertains that such carnal understanding of being fecal matter be derived from such works of Shakespeare, and of Plato, and of other white, predominately inanimate men. But what is this visceral comprehension, this indescribable wonder? And whence does it come? I shall maintain that it is meaning, and that it comes from intelligence. Herein I shall undertake to discover its origin, existence and implication. Meaning, of course, names uncomplete time nor space an acquaintance. It lies entirely in the min d of the individual, yet is to be found in every perception. Meaning is the thing that masquerades as truth and relies on the soul. Only an individual mind can discern it, and the genuine man can find it under every stone, or in a accepted stroke of oil, or between two pages. Only meaning can we ever truly know. Every genuine person seeks it, and finds it. All potentially rational entities are capable of appreciating this meaning, and fencing with it. It captivates all true men, and it permeates the intelligent universe. I daresay that Meaning is the divine timber from which Mr. Emersons Over-Soul is cut. The revelations, the insight, the common basis of conversation that he describes can derive from nothing other than meaning in the ultimate tracing. We see profoundly because we see meaning, and we experience the enduring meaning in the mind that is grandly simple. Our common ground of humanity is the appreciation of meaning. But what is the precise relationship of Meaning and the Over-Soul? No mere sentence can describe it, but I will attempt to characterize it. The Over-Soul is a continuous, ethereal entity that dances with intelligence Meaning is a consistent abstraction that lurks in the mind. All laws derive from the Over-Soul, but the laws just now exist because they have the perfection of Meaning. The Over-Soul visits, on occasion, her clients but Meaning awaits her suitors. The Over-Soul is an active, while Meaning exists passive, waiting for life anew in each comprehending mind.

Light Essay -- essays research papers

LIGHT A essential FORCE IN OUR WORLDIf asked what glisten is, one could say that its one of the most basicelements of our world and our universe as we perceive it. It is through and through snoop that we receive 90% of our information. It is through the use oftelescopes aiding the naked eye that we atomic number 18 aware of the heavenly bodiesaround us. It is through light that the dexterity from the sun is transferredto us. The suns energy supports the food chain plants use it to turnwater and CO2 into energy usable by other organisms. solar energy was alsoused, indirectly, to produce only of the fossil fuels that we consume daily.Since light is such a basic part of our existence, we should have a basic misgiving of what it is.What we call light, the intangible, powerful force that powers our world,is some hard to define in real terms. It shares properties with bothparticles and waves. It follows the same rules as a wave does--it moves ina regular fashion, in a blameless si ne wave at a certain frequency. Ittravels in a straight line, and is subject to refraction. All of thesecharacteristics are found in waves of any type, from radio frequency waves,up to Gamma and X- rays. Light, however, also exhibits qualitiescharacteristic of particles such as neutrons and protons. A photon, orquanta, is the "packet" of energy that is sent in a light wave. Like aparticle, the photon is believed to have a fi... Light Essay -- essays research papers LIGHT A FUNDAMENTAL FORCE IN OUR WORLDIf asked what light is, one could say that its one of the most basicelements of our world and our universe as we perceive it. It is throughsight that we receive 90% of our information. It is through the use oftelescopes aiding the naked eye that we are aware of the heavenly bodiesaround us. It is through light that the energy from the sun is transferredto us. The suns energy supports the food chain plants use it to turnwater and CO2 into energy usable by other organisms. Solar energy was alsoused, indirectly, to produce all of the fossil fuels that we consume daily.Since light is such a basic part of our existence, we should have a basicunderstanding of what it is.What we call light, the intangible, powerful force that powers our world,is somewhat hard to define in real terms. It shares properties with bothparticles and waves. It follows the same rules as a wave does--it moves ina regular fashion, in a perfect sine wave at a certain frequency. Ittravels in a straight line, and is subject to refraction. All of thesecharacteristics are found in waves of any type, from radio frequency waves,up to Gamma and X- rays. Light, however, also exhibits qualitiescharacteristic of particles such as neutrons and protons. A photon, orquanta, is the "packet" of energy that is sent in a light wave. Like aparticle, the photon is believed to have a fi...

Light Essay -- essays research papers

LIGHT A FUNDAMENTAL FORCE IN OUR WORLDIf asked what light is, one could say that its one of the most primaryelements of our beingness and our universe as we perceive it. It is finishedsight that we receive 90% of our information. It is through the use oftelescopes aiding the naked eye that we are aware of the heavenly bodies around us. It is through light that the energy from the fair weather is transferredto us. The suns energy supports the food chain plants use it to turnwater and CO2 into energy usable by early(a) organisms. Solar energy was alsoused, indirectly, to get out all of the fossil fuels that we consume daily.Since light is such a basic part of our existence, we should have a basicunderstanding of what it is.What we call light, the intangible, powerful wildness that powers our world,is somewhat hard to define in real terms. It shares properties with bothparticles and waves. It follows the same rules as a wave does--it moves ina regular fashion, in a perfect sine wave at a certain frequency. Ittravels in a straight line, and is subject to refraction. totally of thesecharacteristics are found in waves of any(prenominal) type, from radio frequency waves,up to Gamma and X- rays. Light, however, also exhibits qualitiescharacteristic of particles such as neutrons and protons. A photon, orquanta, is the " piece of land" of energy that is sent in a light wave. Like aparticle, the photon is believed to have a fi... Light Essay -- essays research papers LIGHT A FUNDAMENTAL FORCE IN OUR WORLDIf asked what light is, one could say that its one of the most basicelements of our world and our universe as we perceive it. It is throughsight that we receive 90% of our information. It is through the use oftelescopes aiding the naked eye that we are aware of the heavenly bodiesaround us. It is through light that the energy from the sun is transferredto us. The suns energy supports the food chain plants use it to turnwater and CO2 into energy usable by other organisms. Solar energy was alsoused, indirectly, to produce all of the fossil fuels that we consume daily.Since light is such a basic part of our existence, we should have a basicunderstanding of what it is.What we call light, the intangible, powerful force that powers our world,is somewhat hard to define in real terms. It shares properties with bothparticles and waves. It follows the same rules as a wave does--it moves ina regular fashion, in a perfect sine wave at a certain frequency. Ittravels in a straight line, and is subject to refraction. All of thesecharacteristics are found in waves of any type, from radio frequency waves,up to Gamma and X- rays. Light, however, also exhibits qualitiescharacteristic of particles such as neutrons and protons. A photon, orquanta, is the "packet" of energy that is sent in a light wave. Like aparticle, the photon is believed to have a fi...

Ideas of Charles Cooley

Charles Cooley was born on 17th August 1864 and died on 8th May1929. He was George Meads contemporary, and each greatly influenced the others thinking. Like Mead, Cooley believed that social interaction is the basis of the socialization process. Cooley saw the individual and society as parts of a whole, not as separate entities. In Cooleys opening, each individual is linked to the social world mainly through the looking glass self. His own self-examination and observation of his children aided him in forming his concepts of the looking-glass self and primary groups.This essay focuses on the looking glass self hypothesis of Charles Cooley and his other ideas. Sociologist Charles Cooley is best known for his concept of looking glass self, the theory that self-image is formed largely by the message we get from others, and an individuals interpretation of those messages. Cooley argued that a somebodys self grows out of a some atomic number 53s transaction with others. Ones consciousne ss of him or herself is a reflection of the ideas about him or herself that he or she attributes to other minds thus, there back end be no isolated selves.In other words Cooley says that we see ourselves as we think others see us. For example, when learning table manners children develop a nose out of what others find acceptable and as they a taught they become socialized. Through the looking glass, we learn that we atomic number 18 intelligent or dull, attractive or unattractive. Cooley argues that the judgments of some sight in our lives are more all important(p) than judgments of others, for example a spouses compliment or low opinion may have a greater effect on someones self perception than the same comment made by some stranger.The lingering influence of probative of others helps explain how we can sometimes maintain a positive self image at times when many people look down on us, or negative self image when many people think well of us. The looking glass self is a simpl e and domestic simile for the way societys image for us becomes incorporated into our own self image. The looking-glass self begins at an early age and continues throughout a persons entire life as one will never stop modifying their self unless all social interactions cease.We do not see ourselves us through the eyes of others quite as literally as we see ourselves in an actual mirror. Our notion of how others see us may not be quite accurate and we may in any case be evaluated differently by different people. What others think of you is no doubt very important in fashioning your self-image and as a result, who you are and what you do. According to Cooley, we gain a definition of our self in three steps commencemently through the beliefs about how we bet to others, secondly through the beliefs about their judgments of how we appear to them and thirdly the reception to the imagined judgment.Through the imagined judgment we develop pride, shame, improved self-esteem, slightly d amaged self-esteem, and other attributes of the self. Once Cooley had established his theory of the self, he then focused his analysis on the human groupings that he conceived to be primary and substitute in linking man with his society and in integrating individuals into the social fabric. Cooley defined primary groups as those small groups in which all the members have enduring, home(a) face-to-face interaction and cooperation. Cooley coined the term primary for these groups because they include the family, our first social group, and social linkages.Close friends, childrens play groups, and perhaps some neighbors and some work groups also constitute primary groups. As Cooley explains, primary groups are important in forming the social nature and ideals of individuals. In primary groups, members value each other as individuals and achieve from personal fulfillment. They do things that will benefit the group, without mentality of payment or self-serving benefit. Example, one me mber of a family might wash laundry or perform housework that benefits all members.On the other hand, secondary groups are larger groups in which all members do not interact directly and have relationships that are not permanent. Members do not share intimate bonds like those in primary groups. People do join these groups for benefits in some way. They may leave the group or join other groups when they happen like it is necessary. However, these groups may still have some shared norms and sense of group identity. Examples of secondary groups include office workers and students in an exercise class. These groups are also important to our views of ourselves, but less to the primary groups.The notions of the looking-glass self and the primary group are closely related in Cooleys views. The reactions to the thoughts of others is the mark of the mature human and consort to Cooley can be developed and fostered only in the close and intimate interactions of the primary group. Hence, this group is the cell in which characteristically human growth takes place. In the primary group the immature and self-centered person is slowly attuned to the submits and desires of others and becomes fitted to the give-and-take of mature social life.The primary group fosters the ability to put oneself into the repose of others, drawing the individual out of egotistic isolation by building into him that sensitivity to the clues of others without which social life would be impossible. The differences between primary and secondary groups are as follows, primary groups are smaller because it consists of few members and this helps develop its members personal relations among themselves while secondary groups are larger and due to its size the members do not have personal relations. Relation is natural in primary groups and formal in secondary groups.Also the position of members is determined by his work or function in secondary groups but in primary groups, the position of each person i s determined on the basis of the family. Cooleys sociology is holistic. He disturbed about the systematic relationships between social processes in society. He argued that each aspect of society was dependent on others for its growth and survival. If we say that society is an organism, we imagine that it is a complex form of processes each of which is living and growing by interaction with the others, the whole being so unified that what takes place in one part affects all the rest.In addition to these essential concerns, Cooley, like W. I Thomas & George H Mead made a crucial important contribution to sociological method. one by one of Max Weber but roughly the same time as he, they argued that the study of human actions must be concerned with the meanings human actors attach to the incident in which they find themselves hence the study must go beyond purely behavioral description. Cooley believed that the social sciences deprived themselves of their best material by departure out human motives for action.Cooley emphasized that the study of the human social world must be centered upon attempts to examine the subjective meanings human actors attribute to their actions, and that much(prenominal) meanings must be studied in part through understanding rather than through exclusive reliance on the reporting of behavior. Cooleys theories provided evidence in response to a threefold necessity that had developed inwardly the society. The first of which was the necessity to create an understanding of ocietal phenomena that highlighted the subjective mental processes of individuals yet realized that these subjective processes were personal effects and causes of societys processes. The second necessity examined the development of a social dynamic conception that pictured states of chaos as natural occurrences which could provide opportunities for adaptive innovation. Finally, a need to demonstrate that people were capable of exerting some form of informed moral control over current problems and future directions.In conclusion, Charles Cooley is known in sociology most normally for his development for the looking glass self. Cooley was one of the first to define the exact importance that society plays in forming the individual. He was also renowned for discovering human groups within the society stating that there are primary and secondary groupings that link man to society each having different, however, similar functions. Moreover, he argued that society is like an organism in the sense that each aspect of society is dependent on the other in order to survive.Furthermore Cooley argued that the study of human actions must be concerned with the meanings serviceman attach to the activity. Finally, Cooleys theories provided evidence in response to a threefold necessity that developed within the society necessities to create an understanding of social phenomena, a necessity that examined a social dynamic conception and a need to demonstrate that people were capable of exerting some form of informed moral control.Bibliography Coser L. A, get the hang of Sociological Thought, 2nd Ed, Aarcourt Brace & Company, New York, 1977. Levine, D. N, Visions of the Sociological Tradition. The University of Chicago Press, 1995 Starks, R. Sociology. 10th ed. Belmont, CA Thomson Wadsworth, 2007. Stolley, K. S, The Basics of Sociology, Greenwood Press, Westport Connecticut, 2005

Christmas Project: Interviewing Santa Claus

I would guess our deal of 10 tons of cookies still counts? R suddenly Fifty trucks from Centuries News Delivery ar parking right in your enormous front yard. SC (laugh) Now thats what I want to hear. According to our deal, you play your five minutes. Hurry up because the spell wears away quickly. R Right into our first suspense from 9-year-old Mr.. Augustine. Santa Claus, how do you know we be naughty or enough for the whole year when you only come to see us for one night on Christmas Eve? SC (Its supposed to be a secret, unless since we have a deal I will share it with you, only you though. All y little elves who work for me, only a few are making presents now because everything is easily made by machine. In the old time, say before 2050, I have to make them work overtime on the days before Christmas. They spy the children for about a week and talk with the childrens parents to figure out if they are naughty or nice. I believe children are mostly nice in the bottom of their h earts because they are born with love, and they are not contaminated by the military personnel. Thats why I linger my eye on the naughty kids for a little bit longer, and can always find their little hearts lit with love.Nowadays, since aging presents doesnt hold the elves any more, I s eat up them to each house either year round to watch the children, and of course to help them to be good in various ways. They are camouflaged under my spell, but on Christmas Eve I need to use the magic power to send gifts to children, so the magic power disappears and they become visual again. So, if you see a little elf running away from your house on Christmas Eve, dont fret and try to say hello to him. R Oh my world Youd soften watch out, because there are invisible elves living in your house SC (wink) Thats right. I always have my eyes on you.R Our next question is from 7-year-old Mr.. Chris. Its also a question from all of us. How do you make the reindeer fly? SC Now this is a hard ques tion. My reindeer only fly on Christmas Eve. Their magic power does not just pop out. The truth is, all the power that is stored throughout the year is used on Christmas Eve to press home presents. Normally, I cannot fly up the chimneys, carry all those presents or drive a flying sleigh. The power Of love, kindness, goodness and faith on me from each family all over the world gathers in their chimneys and goes through the factory to power the machine.The rest of the power goes into my reindeer so we can fly on Christmas Eve together. R How fascinating The present factory is not powered by some special magic or the elves, but love. SC Oh, yes. Love is the most fair and powerful magic in this world. The more love in this world, the more presents can be produced, and the more hearts will receive warmth and joy. (smile) R Heres my last question from 5-year-old Miss. Jimmie, and this is also a question have been wondering myself. Santa Claus, how old are you? Do you have any family who love you and live with you?SC Lowly laughter) Such a sweet little girl Of course you too. I existed since the year 280 in Turkey. Since then, I am favored in Holland, Switzerland, Germany, and many other places in Europe. I was not popular in America until Washington Irving and Clement Moore introduced me in the asses. Thus, am more than 1700 years old, but my reposition gets vague for things a thousand years ago. As for my family, I exist because there are all those children who love me and believe in me. They ARE my family, and dont need any more than that. Besides, have all my little elves and nine reminders who live with me.I am much loved and very happy. You dont need to worry about me. Ifs my wrinkle to bring joy to all of you. R Thank you very much, Santa Claus. It was a wonderful time talking to you, but our time is about to end. At the end of the interview, do you have anything to say to our little audience all over the world who are watching us? SC (joyfully) To all the children in this world a happy new year and a good night Be good this year and I will come to you again (wink). collar you all on Christmas Eve (wave) carry all those presents or drive a flying sleigh.

England’s Architecture

The author creates a chronological presentation of what brought about Englands contribution to architectural theory. The author believed that Englands architecture started only in the beginnings of the eighteenth century since before that, architectures are mainly adaptation of Italian and other foreign works. English architecture is presented as something that moves towards practicality earlier than aesthetics.The passage tries to undermine the connections that eighteenth century architects tried to establish and express in their works, between nature and architecture. Primarily, the author mentioned, that the home is seldom compared to natural things much(prenominal) as the human body. Although there has been a disagreement on the use of ornaments and decors, Gothic architecture was slowly rejected. It was replaced by emphasis on geometrical configurations that focal point on harmony and proportion.Architects tried to re-establish the works of the past by reconstructing and und erstanding how history significantly affects the designs and taste that were popular during their time. While architects tried to compare themselves with others specially those before them, they also assert themselves by trying to change something and incorporate another idea creating their own style. The way that England develops their own architecture is a bright and long process that tries to extend personal ideas to others work, and then analyze what works best.All in all, Englands architecture seems to fit roughly as easy and practical since emphasis is given to naturalness and proportionality. Towards the end of the passage, the author mentioned that architects turned to study other cultures architecture such as Chinese and Gothic styles that both uses decorations and ornaments. In the end of eighteenth century focus on convenience identifying space and practicality while incorporating necessary decorations to produce symmetry and regularity are the basic standards of Engl ands architecture.

Accounting Standard-Setters

Accounting standard-setters have an expectation that the readers of general purpose pecuniary reports have a reasonable knowledge of be. Specifically, the IASB Framework states that users are expected to have a reasonable knowledge of business and economic activities and accountancy and a willingness to study the information with reasonable diligence. Hence, on that dismantle is an expectation that financial statements are not tailored to meet the selects of people who have not, in some way, studied financial accounting. Students should be encouraged to consider whether this expectation is in itself reasonable.As Chapter 2 states, there is an expectation held by accounting standard-setters that users of financial statements have a reasonably sound knowledge of financial accounting. For example, within the IASB Framework (which is also the Australian Accounting Standards Board (AASB) Framework) reference is make to users who are expected to have a reasonable knowledge of busines s and economic activities and accounting and a willingness to study the information with reasonable diligence. deep tear down the United States Conceptual Framework Project, reference is made to the informed reader.Hence, a view has been adopted by the regulators that users of financial statements should have a definite level of knowledge, and when accounting standards are being developed, this level of knowledge is assumed. In defence of this position, we could probably argue that if such an assumption was not made thence the development of accounting standards would be much more difficult and time consuming given that the standard-setters would need to consider how uninformed users might react to the busy proposition standards. The position adopted is also consistent with other professions which also typically assume a certain level of expertise when developing guidance for their professions members (however, we need to be careful with justifications like thisjust because othe rs do a certain thing does not mean it is the right thing).If users find it necessary, there are legion(predicate) experts who would be available to provide advice on how particular numbers were derived. Of course, such advice will generally be at a cost which does raise the resign that it can be costly for some individuals to gain an understanding ab surface the operations of organisations that perhaps have an impact on their ongoing existence. Hence, while there is arguably a right-to-know, for people without an accounting knowledge this right can only be exercised at some cost.In making this judgement, students should consider the variant articles that frequently appear in newspapers, and various discussions that occur on television and radio in relation to an organisations profitss. Rarely is any bring up made of the accounting methods used, even though the profits ultimately reported are directly a product of the many decisions that would have been made regarding how parti cular items should be accounted for (if possible, direct reference should be made to a number of articles which discuss organisations reported profits). Hence, it does appear as if profits are often held out as some form of hard, objective measure of organisational performance.In considering why the media might behave in this manner, one possibility is that those responsible for composition the stories are ignorant that financial accounting relies upon a great deal of professional judgement and they might believe that every decision made by accountants is clearly mapped out by a comprehensive system of rules. Alternatively, the writers might consider that people simply do not want to be bogged down in the fine detail. As another possibility the accounting profession, through such vehicles as conceptual frameworks, may have successfully cultivated an outcome (with the people in the media, and others) that the practice of accounting is objective, and the output of the accounting sys tem is highly comparable between different entitiesmeaning that one organisations profits can appropriately be compared to another.The implications of this approach to reporting profits in the media is that one entitys performance as represented by its profit might simply be compared to another, and that the entity with the higher reported profit might be considered to be more successful, and therefore to represent a better investment. Its charge might also be considered in a more favourable light than the management of the entity with the lower reported profits. Implications such as this, however, assume that readers and media listeners do not appreciate that profits are directly related to the various accounting choices made.Advocates of an efficient market perspective, however, might argue that as long as the information about accounting method selection is made public somewhere, such as in the annual report, then the market (for example, the capital market), on average, will be able to understand how the adoption of particular accounting methods affected reported profits, and hence the market will not simply determine on the final numbers reported. There are differences in opinion about the efficiency of markets, such as the capital market.A further point that could be raised in relation to this question is that accounting profits are not a comprehensive measure of organisational performance given that accounting profits typically disregard many of the social and environmental implications of a reporting entity.

Monitor Children and Young People’s Development Essay

1. Observation. The observation could be formal and informal and both types have the advantages and disfavors. 1.1.Informal observations these argon carried bulge out daily when working with a pupil and overtime a picture can be built of the pupils progress and if there are either issues such as unable to draw circles with a compass, not recording homework correctly in the planner. These may be small except over time a picture of each pupil will be built up. It is likely that Teacher Assistants will discuss their observations with instructors. A disadvantage of informal observations is that they may not be recorded and might be forgotten to be passed on.2. Formal observations this may be carried out to support the teacher on assessing a pupils level of development such as a controlled assessment or a speaking and listening test. old-hat Measurements this is usually carried out by medical practitioners to ensure that a child is growing at the expected rate for their age. Scho ol tests/cognitive aptitude tests that evidence a snapshot of childrens academic ability or skill at retaining taught information and that might then be used to compare outcomes amidst a larger population of same-age children. Health programmes that might measure head circumference, weight, height, visual and auditory functioning. Educational psychologists may use reasoning tests to assess an cerebral age in contrast to a chronological age.3. Information from carers and colleagues information from carers can be vital if there is a factor that may be influencing the development of a young person an example may be that the pupil is being bullied or they dont understand the learning design but are too scared to ask for help. As a colleague if you see a change in the child you must pass away this to the class teacher to help them to assess what assistance may be required.4. Assessment framework it is the way in which child is assessed to decide whether they have any particular ne eds andwhat these needs may be. It is useful in deciding whether the child is reaching expected milestones of development in different areas. Assessment frameworks expect methods such as Englands EYFS profile, possibly baseline assessments for children entering a new setting, the way a setting assesses development for a possible 2 year progress check, P-scales are another method that may be used to assess the development of children with learning difficulties.

Top Glove Information

Tan Sri Dr. Lim Wee-Chai (Appointed Chairman in 2000, aged 49) Chairman Founded Top glove in 1991, totalling 26 eld of experience in the latex industry. Former president of the Malaysian Rubber Glove Manufacturers Association (MARGMA), board member of the Malaysian Rubber Board, and theatre director of the Association of Malaysia Medical Industries. Tan Sri Datuk (Dr. ) Arshad Bin Ayub (Appointed in 2000, aged 79) Independent Non- Executive film directorFormer Deputy Governor of Bank Negara Malaysia, and current Chairman, President and member of variant Malaysian rubber insitutions, namely the Malaysia Rubber Export Promotion Counci (MREPC)l, the Rubber Products Manufacturers Association and the Rubber Board. Puan Sri Tong Siew Bee (Appointed in 2000, aged 49) Executive Director Previously worked with unify Overseas Bank and Utama Bank, with over 10 old age of experience in operational systems in banking.Lim Hooi Sin (Appointed in 2003, aged 45) Executive Director Possesses m ore than 14 years of sales experience with Metlife Financial Services in the US, and is the founder of one of Top Gloves subsidiary companies, Top Glove Medicial USA. Sekarajasekaran a/l Arasaratnam (Appointed 2000, aged 79) Independent Non- Executive Director Has held various engineering positions in government public works and utilities departments over the span of 20 years, and the Boards nvironmental engineering consutlant. Lau Boon Ann (Appointed 2000, aged 53) Non-Executive Director Involved in the real estate and property development setor, with over 10 years of marketing and consultancy experience with various property companies. Quah Chin Chye (Appointed 2001, aged 52) Independent Non- Executive Director Has held various senior management positions over his 10 years of work experience. Lee Kim Meow (Appointed 2000, aged 48)Executive Director Has more than 12 years of experience in financial services and credit control operations with OCBC Finance and Asia Commercial Finance . He is currently a member of MARGMA, MREPC, as well the Asean Rubber Glove Manufacturers Association (ARGMA). Lim Cheong Guan (Joined in 2005, aged 42) Executive Director Responsible for the accounting, corporate finance and investor relations of the company, with over 10 years of accounting and auditing experience, including a stint at PricewaterhouseCoopers.

A column Kahn

It was an event so delightful and so thought-wonderful that from it almost entirely our life in architecture stems. The arch, the vault and the dome mark equally evocative fourth dimensions when they knew what to do from how to do it and how to do it from what to do. Today these form and blank space phenomena are as good as they were yesterday and will endlessly be good because they proved to be true to order and in time revealed their inherent beauty. In the architecture of stone the single stone became greater than the quarry. Stone and architectural order were one.A towboat when it is used should be still regardedas a great event in the making of What a column is in steel or concrete is not yet felt as a part of us. It essential(prenominal) be differentfrom stone. Stone we know and feel its beauty. Materialwe now use in architecturewe know only for its superiorstrength scarcely not for its importantform. Concrete and steel must become greaterthan the engineer. The expecte d wondersin concrete and steel confront us. We know from the spirit of architecturethat their indications must be in harmonywith the spaces that want to be and evoke what spaces can be.Forms and spaces immediately have not found their position in order though the ways of making things are new and resourceful. A space in architectureshows how it is made. The column or wall defines its length and b inferththe beam or vault its height. Nothing must intrude to blur the statement of how a space is made. The forms characterizing the great eras of architecture present themselves and tempt us to adapt them to concrete and steel. The solid stones become thinner and eye deceiving devices are found to hide the unwanted but inevitable go.Columns and beams omogenized with the partitions and ceiling tile concealing hangers, conduits, pipes and ducts deform the image of how a space is made or served and therefore presents no reflection of order and meaningful form. We are still imitating the ar chitecture of solid stones. Building elements of solids and voids are inherent in steel and concrete. These voids are in time with the service necessitate of spaces. This characteristic combined with space needs suggest new forms. One quality of a space is measured by its temperature by its light and by its ring.The intrusionof mechanicalspace needs can push forward and obscure form in tructure. Integrationis the way of nature. We can learn from nature. How a space is served with light air and quiet must be embodied in the space order concept which provides for the harbouring of these services. The nature of space is further characterized by the minor spaces that serve it. Storage-rooms, service-rooms and cubicals must not be partitioned areas of a single space structure, they must be given their own structure.The space order concept must extend beyond the harbouring of the mechanical services and include the servant spaces aJoining the spaces served. This will give meaningfulform to the hierarchyof spaces. Long ago they built with solid stones Today we must build with hollow stones. with a book goes to the light. A librarybegins that way. He will not go fifty feet away to an electric light. The carrellis the niche which could be the beginningof the space order and its structure. In a librarythe column always begins in light. Unnamed,the space made by the column structureevokes its use as a carrell.A man who reads in seminarwill look for the light but the light is somewhatsecondary. The readingroom is impersonal. t is the meeting in silence of the readersand their books. The large space, the small spaces, the unnamedspaces and the spaces that serve. The way they are formed with respect to light is the problemof all buildings. This one startswith a man who wants to read a book. committal Ritual is the chapel service A chapel ofa university Ritual is inspired Dedication is personal Inspiredby a great teacher the fortunateyoung man winks to the chapel as he pas ses. He feels dedicationand performshis own ritual.He was there though he never opened its door. The rally centersthere and inspiresits own ritual. A man is honored there. Dedication is its essence. When I first came to Pisa I went straight in the direction of the Piazza. Nearing it and seeing a distant glimpse of the Tower filled me so that I halt short to enter a shop where I bought an ill fitting English Jacket. Not daring to enter the Piazza I diverted to separate streets toward it but never allowing myself to arrive. The next day I went straight for the Tower touched its marble and that of the Duomo and Baptistery. The next day I boldly entered the buildings.So it is with a universitychapel. maybe a space protectedby an ambulatoryenteredfrom an arcade in a dimensionedgarden. near and dont enter and those who go in. House A house Home In a veritable space it is good to sleep. In anotherit is good to dine or be with others. The serving spaces and the free spaces combine and a re investd to the gardenor to the streetto suggesttheir use. House implies a place good also for another. lt is that quality which is closer to architecture. It reflectsa way of life. It does not make small spaces for small people. Spaces transcend function. A House is more specific. Louis Kahn

Overview of the Stock Market

Over the past a couple of(prenominal) years, many another(prenominal) millionaires have been created due to the economical explosion of the roue market. The market isnt just growing, as it did in the mid to late seventies but it is on steroids, and is growing like never before. Backed by the relentless, yet sometimes spasmodic, growth of the NASDAQ Composite, W on the whole Streets impact on the future cannot be denied. For as languish as the market has been in existence, drastic modifys such(prenominal) as these have never taken place. What awesome power could have produced so much m adepty in so slender time?What colossal force could have caused the United States economy to flourish? The answer lies in champion, simple, tardily coined phrase the tech transmit. The shopworn market has been around since people traded silver for ownership of cargo two hundred years ago, yet many people dont know how it works, or where their money goes when they leveraging a melodic phra se they simply think buy low, sell high. Although this is a good basic enthronization plan, it is imperative that one knows where his money is headed when he buys a thousand dollars worth of a specific stock.When one purchases a stock, they are actually purchasing part of a company (Brian 1). The reason one would do this is because he wants part of the profits of the company. If one purchases 1% of a company, he will receive 1% of the income, to put it in a simplified manner. The money the company gains from selling their stock is placed pole into the company. This way, the company can grow, and produce more profits for the stockholders. The companys value is re resigned by the stock terms on the stock exchange (Brian 2).Over time, a method of judging a stocks performance, called the profit to earning ratio was created. P/E is shorthand for the ratio of a companys percent price to its per-share dough. For example, a P/E ratio of 10 fashion that the company has $1 of annual, p er-share earnings for every $10 in share price (Green 1). This ratio basically represents how much money the investor is displace in per dollar earned. This was generally a good thing to look at when choosing a stock to invest in, but the P/E ratio can be misleading, especially in the few tech stocks that have tremendous stock prices, yet have little net profit.No one knows exactly when the tech stock came ab issue, but it seems like it came all at once. The phrase tech stock simply refers to all stocks that deal with any form of technology related, this instant or indirectly, to the computing machine or computer amputates. A good portion of the popular tech stocks today deal with the earnings (Brian 4). unrivaled reason for this is the easy access by millions of people initiationwide. Small companies are able to reach out to the whole globe with just a few bucks, and thus become prosperous over a short amount of time.Just a few of the most popular tech stock corporations a llow in Microsoft, Apple, TI, Amazon, hick, and Dell. Companies such as Microsoft, Apple and Dell are companies that handle computers directly, and have been around for a spacious time (NASDAQ 5) TI creates many semiconductors that are found in most all products that have computer chips in them. Amazon and Yahoo are both directly related to the Internet. These companies are popular due to their originality and business management. However, popularity hardly gains profit, so why is it that Yahoo can make so much money on the stock market?Surprisingly and ironically enough, it is precisely popularity that causes its gains. Because of the popularity, people continue to purchase Yahoos stock. Although the company isnt making direct profit, it certainly makes a lot of money from the stock purchases, so the company actually makes the money off of the stock market (Brian 5). Rare, indeed, to see this at such an extreme. With all of this success must come organization, and thus is the role of the NASDAQ Composite. Although NASDAQ came about long before the skip over of tech stocks, it now represents the growth that they portray.This is mostly due to the large volume of blue chip Internet stocks that have joined the Composite, as well as the small technical companies that are looking for a big break. Duarte summarizes the whole NASDAQ universe in once sentence The NASDAQ is fueled by blue chip stocks and small caps which explode into high-earnings (Technology 1). And explode it did. In just over one year, The Index gained 1876. 62 points and 85. 59 percent for the year. The NASDAQ Composite Index besides eclipsed the 3000 and 4000 point milestones during the last quarter of 1999 (Nasdaq 1).This far surpasses the Dow Jones industrial, which and gained 25. 22% over the 1999-2000 year. The markets best index performers were the computer, telecommunications, and biotechnology up 105. 03 percent, 102. 71 percent and 101. 64 percent respectively (Nasdaq 2). This obvious ly displays a growing interest in the tech stock, which has caused this major rising to occur. One may wonder how the Dow Jones Industrial got off so bad, because, after all, it represents our nations largest companies. For a long time, the Dow Jones Industrial has represented the stock market as a whole, but times change.One cause of this change is the high interest rates that affect the corporate stocks such as Wal-Mart and ExxonMobil. These stocks reduce in price as a result of this, and therefore, the Dow average reflects the decrease. The Dow Jones blue chips remain stable, but havent increase dramatically, and this isnt sufficient to make up for the losses of the stocks that tanked, such as banking stocks, financial stocks, and oil marketing stocks (Duarte, Technology 1). One thing that everyone wonders is Is the gold rush over? The answer is no, not as of 3-2-00, anyway.However, all good things must come to an end the question is when. Milton Friedman and Alan Greenspan are both major governing in Wall Street, and when they speak, the world of investors listens. The one bad thing is this, they usually never agree. In late 1999, Friedman suggested the watercourse market looks similar to the pre-crash markets in the U. S. in 1929 and the pre-crash market in Japan in 1989. Soon after, Greenspan do equally scary remarks about the stock market and the wealth effect (Duarte, Greenspan 1).These are remarkable authorities in the world of investing, but these notes dont specifically talk about the tech stock falling. Some people believe that the so-called crash that they spoke of has already happened at the turn of the millennium, when both the Dow Jones and the Nasdaq fell at record-breaking volumes. This proved that the NASDAQ wasnt invincible with its precious tech stocks, but it also started an ugly observation that whatever the Dow does, the NASDAQ does at a more flamboyant rate (Jennings 1).This simply means that if the Dow goes up a little, the NASD AQ goes up a lot. When the Dow drops a little, the NASDAQ drops a lot (Fool 9). However, theres no concrete evidence to prove this theory that they are connected somehow. January 4th, 2000 a sigh of relief sweeps the world as nothing too terribly devastating happens on the turn of the millennium. However, this sigh turns quickly into a gasp at least for those watching the stock market. The Dow Jones plummets nearly 360 points, and NASDAQ plummets nearly 230 points in just one trading day.The next two days, NASDAQ continues to fall another 200 points, resulting in nearly a 8% drop in just three days. It recovers from this drop in only about two days, only to drop back into a lower pit in three more days. Those who held onto their pocketbooks for this roller coaster effort found a light at the end of the tunnel, and by the end of February, the Composite had climbed to the 4600 mark, 600 points higher than at the beginning of the year (Fool 1). Many other times in the first quarter of 2000 NASDAQ took a hefty fall, but it always regrouped and rallied to surpass it is original price.Another thing to remember is that NASDAQ isnt made on the whole of tech stock blue chips such as Dell and Amazon (Nasdaq 1). It is also made up of small caps that weaken, large caps that fail, and those penny stocks that people get so worked up about that also fail so it is hard to judge how well tech stocks are actually doing by looking directly at the NASDAQ Composite or P/E ratios. Tech stocks are still a relatively raw thing for the market, and investors havent yet predicted their fate.However, they are still intensely popular, and as long as they are popular, people will keep buying and, of course, if people buy them, they will refer in value. Technology is not going away any time soon, theres no doubt about that the future is now. Computers rule our lifestyle, making everything faster, easier, cheaper, more efficient and these tech stocks represent our new economy based on this new efficient system. Even though they may not present themselves as strongly as they once did, tech stocks are definitely here to stay.

From One War to Another Essay

The French and Indian struggle, a war that had assembled the puffyst number of troops ever, was caused by more than a hundred days of rivalry amidst the two countries, had several consequences on the British Empire, and impacted the colonies greatly. When the fire of the French and Indian war was bl possess out, another match was dropped, starting another war.The main causes of the French and Indian war also known as the Seven Years war, was due to the constant hostility of the two large Empires. Although peace was kept surprisingly well, at the beginning of colonization in the New World, the Ohio River brought upon a pertly engagement. Not besides the French and position wanted control of the Ohio River Valley, but the Native Americans who were living at that place also believed that it was rightfully their land. All held the notion that the Valley was a strategic economic location and none were willing to give it up, which led to the start of small battles. Eventually, th is led up to a declaration of war from Britain to France. This caused both France and England to suddenly begin seeking friendship with the Indians in order to have them as allies.Although the English won the war, the consequences that they faced were immense. The war had increased Britains debt to 133 million pounds by 1763, which led to much wickedness towards the colonies who were unwilling to help pay this debt. Grennville, and other men of the British Empire bestowed it upon the colonies as their duty to figure in paying the debt.. Grenville took it upon himself to impose sharp acts, such as the Sugar and Stamp act, inorder to take tax from the colonies. This outraged many colonialists, including Patrick Henry, who at one of Virginias House of Burgesses meetings, openly protested the stamp act, and the unjust acts of the empire. Not only did the British feel that they colonies should take part in paying the debt, but they also held a sense of smell of resentment due to the colonists minimal of participation in helping with the army, and supplying food and clothing. The British were wild that the Colonies were so uncooperative, and unappreciative after all they had done for America.. This led to increased tension and unrest between the colonies and Britain.Quite different from the repercussions of the war of the British, the colonies had very different consequences. Men like George Washington who had participated in the battle began to see that the redcoats were not as powerful as they were thought of, and that they would not always be adequate to serve and protect the colonies. Also, with colonialists fighting the war beside eachother, this interaction with the other twelve colonies opened the eyese of the colonies making them witting that when united together, they could become a force that could challenge the British Empire. Also the Colonies were angered by the harsh acts initiated by the British, and began to despise the Parliamentary rule.Lea ding other colonies and people to protest Grenvilles acts together they held an intercolonial gathering of nine colonies, called the Stamp Act Congress, which lead to the Governors writing to the British Government of how they should be in charge of their own taxation as they saw the British system of taxation without representation as unjust and unlawful. This wisdom led them to increasingly doubt their loyalty to the empire and these events led to the American Revolution.Beginning as a rivalry between the French and English which caused the Seven Years war, lead to drastic consequences of both the colonies and the British. The British Empire had a huge debt, and lost their relationship with America while the colonials began to imagine breaking unthaw of British rule.The end of a war lead to another war.

Themonstersaredueonmaplestreet

Once the purpose flies overhead, the machinery and technology in the approach begins to fail the cars wont start, the phones dont work, and the power grid for the homes goes dark. Though there may be m whatever different messages to interpret with this particular episode, I believe the main one to jump come on(p) out at us is this if technology fails us, we resort to our primal instincts and chaos ensues. This is evident when a raw boy in the livehood hypothesizes that the object overhead is some sort of alien craft, and that the aliens wont let any of them leave the neighborhood.The boy goes on to mention that in a comic book that he read, solo the aliens sent down before the spacecraft would be able to leave the town and that they would look and hazard just like one of them (humans). I would personally find this idea a farce, alone the neighborhood entertains this idea after a man disappears to investigate the next block over and doesnt return for hours. At this point, m ass hysteria begins to take hold.The neighborhood becomes suspicious of their neighbors and begins to ostracize one another to epitome out who the invaders are. When one neighbors car starts on its own, the mob is quick to question why his car works but theirs dont. Another neighbor points out that she often sees the man standing out in his yard latterly at night, gazing up into the sky as if he were looking for something. Accusations continue to be passed around, with each neighbor pointing out something suspicious about the other.Are we beginning to see the theme here? As night falls, paranoia has interpreted over. Though some might argue that it would likely take more than one day for neighbors to bear so rashly, its easy to e that in this confusion of an inexplicable event how effectively The Twilight regularize fast-forwards the like-minded mob mentality to communicate the episodes message. A figure appears in the street, and one man intellection it to be some sort of invad er-?raises a gun and kills the figure for all the mob to see.Its revealed to us that the figure was no monster at all, just the innocent neighbor that went to investigate the other blocks only equal of hours earlier. At this point, the mob accuses the man who shot their neighbor that hes the real monster-?maybe he wanted them idle all along. They throw stones at him and more chaos ensues. At the end of the episode the camera pans out to a spacecraft perched on a hill overlooking the neighborhood. Two aliens look on as the neighborhood rips itself apart.They discuss how easily man can be manipulated when you take away their technology and how speedily they turn on one other in times of great panic. The episode concludes with them mentioning how easy it allow be to conquer the species with this knowledge in hand. Personally I think The Twilight Zone did an subtle job of showcasing how quickly we can turn on one another in times of crisis. In my own experience with the military, I ve been in several situations where something went wrong and people began looking for others to blame.

Adam Smith: Questions

Which of he following does Adam smith advocate? The pursuit of self-interest ? According to Adam metalworker in a laissez faire thrift all(prenominal) member will try to pursue and maximize his own self-interest Import of restrictions to protect the municipal market ? Adam Smith believes in a free market parsimony and would disapprove of restrictions, stock-still in the name of protection. Private armies to protect the house servant market ? /? Adam Smith advocates the protection of the domestic market through an army, though I doubt he means a semiprivate army.I believe he only if supports an army that is owned and controlled by the public/the citizens. A legal system to safeguard internal peace and justice ? Adam Smith supports the laissez faire system which enjoins that the judicature or state should interfere as little as possible in the trading activities between people, as that would only harm trade. Government subsidies for the transport of infrastructure ? Adam Smi th sees this as another(prenominal) duty of the government to grant subsidies for the sake of transport and infrastructure. 2. What, according to Adam Smith, is the driving force of the economy?Adam Smith defined the factors of production as land, labor and capital. He also said that the economy was made up of individual transactions, and that buyers and sellers were looking out for their own self-interest, which was the driving force of every economy. Smith posed the idea of competition as well, and the Invisible Hand theory which dealt with competition, self-interest and protecting the consumer from government intervention. 3. Show how individuals who pursue self-interest may a)contribute to general economic prosperity(success)

Food habits and globalization Essay

Traditions has been changed since the western viands had reached to the GCC, according to Topics-mag.com (2007) Many people tonicity fast nutriment plays a big role in changing the traditional diets of cultures worldwide. The obesity is a global problem, that it impacted by the bad influence from the globalization. After this, the health became one of the approximately important issues, because changing habits can destroy the health, also it destroys the traditions, because children nowadays will not be equal to use up and have the same healthy intellectual nourishment that their parents had. In fact, Food in the UAE has negatively impacted by globalization.The first issue is health, years ago or maybe more our parents had accustomed to eat certain type of food, and by changing it this fast it would be dangerous. Globalization accomplished many countries by spreading the different types of food restaurants. America as an example spread many junk food restaurants in the UAE, like Macdonalds, KFC, and pizza hut. Children and adults nowadays eat too many junk food, because its faster, and easy to find. Our parents employ to eat healthy food and their bodies does not include junk food, by changing patterns in this extension health has been effected. Obesity and chronic diseases is caused by the changing diet pattern (Neuhouser, Thomson, Coronado, & Solomon, 2004). It seems like the junk food is spreading in the GCC very fast, and the demand of the fast food increased.The reason why health was effected is the new food pattern and if we looked at what this food included we would be surprised. Most of the junk food includes vegetables, meet, and sauces, if we looked gently to the ingredients we will find many of genetically modified organism. This GMO is harmful for the health, because its not essential (Emanuelle Landais, 2007). According to sid candid, the fast food can be done fast and taste better notwithstanding in spite of this advantages they are l ow on the nutritional elements and hardly provide any benefits to the body. chuck out food is full of oil and the person can get fats easily.

Discuss the respective contributions of the scientific management Essay

Discuss the respective contributions of the scientific management approach and the world transaction approach to managing people i - Essay ExampleHowever, human relations approach to managing people has not been able to totally replace the scientific management approach in all industries. In fact Richardson (1996) considers modern strategic management as the major problem causer in modern society rather than problem-solver. Richardson finds that scientific management is alive and used for strategic development in the highly competitive and productivity-conscious, organized world. through time and motion studies it is possible to break down the lap up into simple tasks which could then enable the management to find the one best way to handle the task. Through this method it is possible to break down every step to the extent that it is possible to determine the metre of time that the worker could be allowed a break for drinking water. The workers then know to work standardized automated machines. Thus, to make the most effective use of human resources people have to be managed in this way. This principle of scientific management can amply be found in the way the strong food industry manages mass production base on the management principles of efficiency, calculability, predictability and control (Allan, Bamber, Timo, 2006). This sector is based on the classic Taylorist principles. Jobs are simplified, routinised and there is clear division of delve. ... There is practically no human relations approach in this sector even though they have developed the production schema based on Taylorist principles. Taylor maintained that workers often performed tasks that were unnecessarily wasteful, hazardous and exhausting (Peck & Casey, 2004). Hence the work should be broken up into small parts and each step should be optimized. Taylor also suggested that the breaking up of the tasks should be done by talking with the workers of the one best way (Peck & Casey, 200 4) but in the strong food industry employee decision making and discretion have been totally eliminated workers interactions are controlled by employers (Allan, Bamber, Timo, 2006). The speedy food sector is thriving globally despite only partially adopting scientific management and not having human relations approach to managing people. A good team needs and informed, intelligent leader, according to Taylor (Darmody, 2007). Managers have the responsibility of motivating their employees and instructing them of the best way of performing the task. The aim is to attain efficiency and maximize productivity. Taylorism or the scientific management separates the labor process from the skills of workers. The jobs are simplified and routinised so that less experienced workers would be able to comfortably work on it and the management would be less dependent on skilled workforce. It also states that the conception and planning should be in the hands of the management while the shop deck is concerned only with the execution of predetermined plans. Decision making is centralized and every step of the labor process is controlled through formal rules and procedures. This is precisely what is happening even today not only in the fast food industry but even at the

Dornbusch Overshooting Hypothesis Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3250 words

Dornbusch Overshooting Hypothesis - Essay ExampleIndeed, this result is derived in a model of unblemished great(p) mobility and sticky prices.The overshooting paper not only was a great piece of research, provided withal had important policy implications. In the context of flexible qualify rates, not only among major currencies, but also increasingly with emerging market currencies, the excessive volatility is usually mentioned as the main evil of free floating. A policy sequel is that overshooting is often accustomd to justify intervening in orthogonal qualify markets. This is also a strong reason why policymakers suffer from fear of floating (Calvo and Reinhart, 2002).From the empiric point of view, the evidence has been mixed and there are several dimensions in which the model performs poorly.1 Starting from the transposition rate disconnect puzzle from Meese and Rogoff (1983), which scans that no structural model can predict exchange rates, not even monetary ones, the re have been many attempts to explain exchange rate fluctuations. Faust and Rogers (2003) and, more modernly, Bjjournland (2006) calculate new identification restrictions that reduce this delayed overshooting. Although the researcher does not intend to address empirically the overshooting hypothesis, it is serviceable to review analytically the robustness of overshooting and which type of conditions are required to generate a different demeanour of exchange rates.The researcher plans to examine the conditions under which the exchange rate undershoots instead of overshoots as in the passe-partout model. This could help to reconcile the evidence with Dornbushs model (Rogoff, 2002). However, in the basic theoretical framework, the conditions to generate undershooting are sooner contrived, namely, that the interest rate rises as a result of a monetary expansion. Therefore, under perfect capital mobility, with the consequent uncovered interest rate parity, overshooting should be a n atural outcome. I also show that dropping perfect capital mobility as suggested by Frenkel and Rodriguez (1982) also requires special conditions. In such grounds it would be necessary for the current account deficit to narrow after a monetary expansion. existential Analysis Exchange rate shooting during Financial Crises of 1990sThis part of the papers documents main characteristics of the exchange rate movement in the countries that experienced up-to-dateness crises in the 1990s. First, the researcher introduces the data set that we use and then analyze the exchange rate movements in these countries to examine the existence of any systematic order that derives the exchange rate overshooting.DataThe sample includes currency crises in the 1990s. First, the researcher collects all episodes of speculative attacks in the 1990s based on Glick and Rose (1999). The researcher excludes unsuccessful speculative attacks where countries maintained stable exchange rates even under the pressur e of speculative attacks. the researcher also excludes a few recent cases in which the exchange rate is still unstable and the complete exchange rate dynamics during currency crises are not revealed. This selection process reduces the available data set to 24 episodes, which consist of 10 cases in the 1992-3 European crisis, 4 cases in the 1994-5 Mexican crisis, and 10 cases in the 1997-8 Asian crisis and related others. propensity of countries is reported

Human Resource Management Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3000 words - 1

Human Resource Management - Essay Example in that respect is no clear distinction betwixt human resource management and effect management. The two are used interchangeably by different authors thusly the need to draw a note between the two and determine which of the approaches to management of human resources is more effective. This prompts the need to evaluate personnel management and the development of human resources management and the functions performed through the two approaches. Personnel Management According to Bach and Sisson (2000 10), as other(a) as 1945 personnel management was in existence and used to be an administrative function come to with operational matters of the organization. The personnel managers were entrusted with such functions as recruiting and selecting new employees, staff appraisal, reward management, negotiating contracts with trade unions, and intervention training programmes for employees among other operational issues. Trade unions were wides pread and worked in liaison with personnel managers to ensure fair(a) work conditions and practices through negotiation of employment contracts. These contracts were the guiding principles of employee behaviour and were strictly observed. The management of human resources was whole the role of personnel specialists through formalised personnel policies such as job description, job valuation systems and bureaucratic controls. Personnel management was geared towards satisfying shareholder interests of maximising revenue hence bonuses and rewards were major(ip) motivation for employees. Evolution of Human Resource Management With growth of industries, there was a lot of arguing among organizations hence a new method of managing workforce was required for competitive advantage. The need was also prompted by growth in business education, rapid expansion of business studies courses and MBA which acted as source of information regarding a new management technique referred as human reso urce management. The HRM elusive aligning operational functions of personnel managers with organizational goals (Koster, 2002). The approach was strategic in nature as opposed to personnel management which involved crisis management. High commitment of workforce began to be emphasized and was achieved through worker involvement and participation in management activities such as decision making. HRM introduced teamwork in organizations for better results and devolution of responsibilities to line managers although some resisted receivable to lack of management skills. Some personnel managers were not willing to give up their operational roles to line managers. Due to complexity and nature of their work the managers are accepting to delegate their roles so as to pore on other duties such as offering consultancy services to line managers as well as senior management. Kumar & Mittal (2001) acknowledges the fact that personnel management was about getting better results with collabora tion of people hence employees were supposed to make contribution for business purposes. The HRM on the other hand is

The Impact of Globalisation on the European Economy Essay

The Impact of Globalisation on the European Economy - hear ExampleIntroduction European countries ladder to view globalisation as a threat rather than an opportunity. Globalization imposes subtle threat to jobs, social welf atomic number 18, and way of life of Europeans. Opportunities are avail adequate to(p) for Europeans who are able to penetrate new markets with less expensive inputs. The debate on globalization continues unabated within public and scholarly fraternity. This issue is of importance because has co-occurred with regional integration. Many European states, regions, and cities digest to cope with globalization challenges. check to Jacoby and Meunier, managed globalization has played major role in let out European Union (EU) policies for around nonpareil decade. There has been widespread discourse concerning managed globalization by European policy-makers and politicians. Nevertheless, this does not necessarily imply that the key stakeholders are really making efforts to ensure its implementation. There is possibility that globalization with adjectives constitute empty rhetoric. Managed globalization could imply paradigm shifts. Through increase in interdependence between global economies in production, batch and financial markets, globalization has become an important phenomenon to the economies of most of the European countries. Despite the interruption in with child(p) flows and global trade because of the financial crisis that rocked various economies in 2008, most European countries have continued to quarter the benefits of globalization. Globalization has not only led to an increase in export competition but has likewise stimulated world demand and increased economic activities in the European economies. The main sectors of economy that have been significantly shaped by the advent of globalization have been market prices, the labor market and productivity. parole Globalization and Europeanization have occurred in tandem. These have underlain shifts in results of interest ranging from changes in institutional and policies, growth opportunities, income distribution, and practice session opportunities. Nevertheless, Europeanization tends to prevail over globalization. Globalization has cause precipitous increase in European spending, especially in political economies of Scandinavian countries. Some European states, except Finland, tend to exhibit deglobalization patterns, with greater proximate traffic agreements increasingly dominating cross-border swap. Intra-European divergence is underlain by diverse responses towards relatively terms of neo-liberalization (Jacoby & Meunier n.d.). Globalization has affected labor and capital markets, relations between central and local governments, and competition for elective posts. Both globalization and Europeanization are closely related to deregulation and negative integration of European market. Europeanization process tends to have relation with globalization, which tend to expedite or slow down globalization meats. Europeanization process may operate autonomously from globalization. The cumulative effect of Europeanization and globalization aggravates globalization effects. European level politics tend to slow down globalization process, with electronegative globalization results (Jacoby & Meunier n.d.). There has also been variation in density of trade unions and alternative levels at which agreement of wages are established. European states tend to employ policies that impede

Two summary pages of Recruitment and Retention Essay

Two summary pages of Recruitment and Retention - Essay ExampleIn short, the authors signalise the important problems in Panda Express HR management as ineffectiveness of recruitment figure out and lack of employees loyalty.On the one hand, the selection process of new employees reveals its weakness, since the company possesses low educational requirements for their candidates. In this context, the status of the company is low for job seekers. For instance, the necessity to work on the weekends does not attract them to encipher hiring process. Although, the main task for the companys recruitment is to find a person who will portion out its corporate culture and reveal loyalty. In this situation, the authors reveal the necessity to provide the full amount of development for each candidate who wants to become General Manager in Panda Express.On another hand, the authors bring out retention issue in order to discuss the companys capability to maintain caters loyalty. In fact, the core reason of numerous symptoms of employees discontent is the maintenance of inadequate nurture on the working conditions. Currently, newcomers frequently suffer from the imbalance between work and life on their jobs and engage the latter one by leaving Panda Express. In this case, the basic assumption for authors recommendations is the need to valuate corporate duties and responsibilities. For this purpose, the role of General Manager is the key one for the company. Thus, the recommendations are divided into three main groups introducing this position with 2 year degree, changing salary, and reliance on managerial potential.Firstly, the authors assume that lowering the wand for passing to General Manager from 4 year to 2 year degree will increase the motivation of college newcomers to develop within the company. In this context, replacement of high salary offer to high subvention system is crucial, since it encourages striving and taking care of each achievement on this

The general implications of launching a new product internationally IN Research Paper

The general implications of launching a new intersection point internationally IN TERMS OF THE COMMERCIALIZATION PLAN - Research Paper frameworkOnce a return is ready for production and has managed to successfully survive the development process, it immediately becomes mathematical for a business enterprise to attempt to turn the new product into a commercial success. commercialization is generally described as being the cycle or process that is found to be twisting in the introduction of a new method of production or end product into a effrontery market with the aim of making a profit (National Research Council (U.S.) & National Materials Advisory Board, 1993, p. 13 Fortenberry, 2013, p. 266). During the commercialization process, a number of activities designed to aid in the sale and promotion of a product in both local and international markets be undertaken. Some of these include, the launching of the product and the subsequent expectant increase in the promotional and ad vertising activity of this given product in the market (Fortenberry, 2010, p. 284). It is similarly at this stage that the products distribution pipeline is seen to be filled with the product (Fortuin, 2007, p. 36).With pry to the commercialization plan, although there are a large number of key issues to be considered, there are in essence some key implications that can be seen to greatly affect the launching of a new product into the international market. These includeCompanies can at times be forced to stand up the actual launching of a given product in the market in the event that it anticipates that the product can be further improved before its launching, another key factor that can overly cause product launch delays is in launching of a new product, the company risks critically cannibalizing the gross revenue of some of its other products (Loch & Kavadias, 200, p. 392). Perhaps one of the most crucial determinants of the product launch of a given product in the internation al market is the situation in the global economy. The global economy is seen to be particularly sensitive to the influence of a large number of factors and while

Importance and Impact of Communication Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Importance and Impact of communication - Essay ExampleThe management is more often caught in improving the quality of healthcare provided and the recruitment and scheduling of staff to invest in the optimal resource utilization of the existing staff.In its annual survey of top issues confronting hospital CEOs, the American College of Healthcare Executives (ACHE) determine communication between the medical staff and the management as the third most important issue of concern in 2007. It is interesting to remark that physician hospital relations held the second spot in the previous year but has since been overtaken by concerns over medical insurance.The above table gives the percentage wise importance assigned to various particular proposition issues within the general personnel management communication spectrum that required attention. The issues can in most cases be extended to include other members of the healthcare systems. The staff in most hospitals represent a broad ta lent pool but they are never expected to undertake any activity that is beyond their assigned roles. Recently, efforts have been undertaken by many institutions to develop leadership abilities in their employees. While best practices in strategic diversity leadership and cultural competence in patient care have been identified through evidence-based research, the linkages between best practices and organizational and patient outcomes have not. This knowledge gap is consequential not only because of changing demographics, but because of the unique diversity imperatives in healthcare the under-representation of women and minorities in leadership and captain positions persistent racial disparities in health and healthcare and overall quality issues that increase the cost of healthcare and risk patients lives.To summarize, there exists a growing need for the management to be more supportive and agreement to the personal requirements of the personnel and to assist

Globalisation Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2500 words - 2

Globalisation - Essay role modelThe reason for this is foundation garmentd on the tremendous amount of positives that come hand in hand with the facets of globalization. thusly in order to fully understand the intricate details related with globalization, one must base a sound belief on the strengths related with production and trade. Once again, it is important to touch upon the circumstantial definition of globalization before moving ahead any further (Hersh 2000). I define globalization as the cumulative basis of strengths, transferred from one world region to another, in a capacity that derives opportunities for each(prenominal) the major and minor stakeholders, time and time again.When one tries to establish the exact basis of production and marketing globalization, the four significant drivers need to be understood in a proper fashion, as these wreak the core essence of globalization in the first place. These four drivers are the use of Information Technology, the retrib utory in Time and Total Quality Management business processes to speed up work activities, the gross revenue Force Automation quarters, and lastly the Outsourcing mechanisms which harbour had a huge say in building produce and development within the globalization auspices on a proactively consistent basis. The four drivers have vie their essential roles within the acceleration processes of globalization in the last decade or so. This has happened with the influx of resources and compute more importantly. This has also happened because the top management domains within the organizations that have chosen globalization for their own selves, have understood that globalization indeed is a force to reckon with (Taylor 2002). They have accepted the challenges thrown their office and have clearly realized the potential of globalization within the broader contexts. These four drivers are essentially the instigating mechanisms of switch within the modern day organizations. Their roles h ave had a huge say in outlining the proper social structure of the

Project Progress Report Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2500 words

Project Progress Report - Essay Examplein 1980s manufacturers exploited the rise of cycle to further ingrain a sense of personal culpability for increase levels of trash, and to crack open new consumer markets. The wave of waste management accompanied the rise of mandatory cycle programmes which were a product of a major landfill crisis and public pressure. Often from the diverse groups that starting lineed the environmental justice proceeding to reprocess rather than dispose of wastes. With the measures that would restrict the generation of waste, like mandatory laws and source reduction changes and in 1980s recycling underwent a renaissance. In 1980s curbside recycling systems were adopted many of them mandatory. In 1993, the US environmental protection agency reported that domestic recycling had tripled by weight from 70% to just about 22% (Strasser, 1999). Rather than resist all this recycling, the highest level of industry appeared to undergo a green conversion. perseveran ce accepted recycling in lien of more radical changes like bans on certain materials and industrial processes, production controls, minimum standards for product durability and higher prices for resource extraction. Faced with all these potential regulations, gravid recognized that recycling had an advantage that other option lacked. In industrys eyes recycling was a lesser evil. But by the early 1990s some recycling centers were criticizing the code-stamps for creating public discombobulation over what was actually recyclable and driving up costs for local waste handling facilities.The start of Waste care was intensified in 1990s during the Rio Earth summit in 1992. Agenda 21, subscribe by 178 nations put up a detailed plan involving 27 principles to guide countries towards sustainable study through proper Waste Management including three Rs (UN, 2004). The EU Waste Management policies were started in 1975 (Johnson and Corcelle,

Clinical decision making (not to take blood cultures from a febrile Essay

Clinical decision making (not to take blood cultures from a feverous patient) - Essay workoutTo diagnose the cause, blood culture is mostly required for identification of causative bacteria or fungus. A nurse caring for a patient with acute leukaemia is many a time confronted with the clinical scenarios where he or she is required to require clinical decision to take blood culture from a febrile patient. The nurse may herself make the decision to obtain a blood sample for culture on suspicion of an infection or may act on the orders of a physician. In an autonomous decision, the complexness and the nature of the decision task affect the approach taken towards problem solving (Thompson, Kirkness & Mitchell 2007). The decision taken by the nurse can be analysed for the application of evidence based medicine in map clinical situations.Decision analysis allows to share a decision with seniors and colleagues and to evaluate its advantages and disadvantages (Bucknall 2003). Nurse uses the domains of prior association about the patient and his circumstances, ethical knowledge and specific knowledge. This knowledge is accessed and applied by the means of physical body recognition and heuristics (Bohinc & Gradisar 2003).First of all, the component of problem recognition requires the nurse to identify the cues or clinical symptoms much(prenominal) as fever in this case. The recall of these cues leads to formulation of a hypothesis of a problem (Jenks 1993). formerly the problem has been recognised, the decision maker proceeds on to the next step of assessment in which the selective information is gathered, assimilated and analysed (Klein 2005). The nurse records the temperature, maintains a temperature chart and records associated symptoms such as chills, sweating, cough and pattern of fever etc. as a part of data collection.To be able to form a judgement, it is imperative to evaluate and make a choice (Higgs et al 2008 Connolly, Arkes & Hammond 2000). The nurse evaluates the data and infers about what should be done (Thompson &

The Sadhu case Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

The Sadhu case - Essay ExampleEventu solelyy, the Sadhu gained the energy to walk by himself.The theories include moral relativism, categorical imperative, utilitarian, estimable self-interest, and divine command (Jennings 13). In moral relativism, single assesses the prevailing situation and resolves to take an action that will be justified by the pressure of the moment. only the groups and individuals abandoned the Sadhu after giving him all the necessary assistance and realizing that he would move on his own. They had to move in advance the road was cleared by melting snow. Their need to get back their behavior before they could lose it justified their actions to abandon the Sadhu. The possibleness of categorical imperative was also evident among all the groups and individuals. They all helped the Sadhu even when they could not benefit anything from their actions. However, they were influenced by the fact that they expected to be do by in a similar manner should they find themselves in a needy situation corresponding that of the Sadhu.According to the theory of utilitarian, people should chose make a decision with maximum benefits and minimum harms when resolving ethical dilemmas. One of the New Zealanders identified the body of the Sadhu and did his best to take him down the mountain before he met McCoy. He dumped the body of the Sadhu before McCoy and resumed back to climbing the mountain with his friends (Jennings 6). That was the best he could do because he was supposed to target the pass before sun could melt the ice. Ethical egoism is evident when Pasang refused to allow the porters to carry the Sadhu because they would not have enough energy to cross the pass after carrying the Sadhu to the hut. Pasang heavily relied on the porters to carry his luggage. The divine command theory is based on the idea that ethics is defined by religious beliefs. Stephen was a staunch Christians who believed in putting the interests of others before his own in terests. He managed to assists the Sadhu even though he

Nazi Germany Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2750 words

national socialist Germany - Essay ExampleThe signing of the treaty by the Weimar Republic head led to a conversion by the Germans. Also, this new government, the Democratic or Weimar Republic was not accepted well among the Germans, partly ascribable to its resistance to democratic rule after being ruled by kings for a long time and their lack of trust in it due to its supposedly anti-German decisions.Post World War I, Germanys economy was in shambles due to the Treaty of Versailles. They had to pay their debts to their Allies, so they borrowed from other countries and were able to recover soon. Also, the Allies aim forth a reparation plan which resulted in a free economy which resulted in the community opposing the government more vehemently. This opposition resulted in the fall of Weimar Republic and the rise of the communist parties and the national socialist party led by Adolf Hitler.By 1933, Germanys economy strengthened and the German army which was not faithful to the g overnment, once a light up became very strong under Seeckt. at that place was also a strong nationalist thought rising among them. These nationalist parties gained loyalty from the army and the Nazi party which was striving on these ideals came to domineering cause in 1933.Guisepi observes that Hitlers hatred of poverty, his devotion to his German heritage and his loathing of Jews all formed his semipolitical perspective or doctrine (2001). Hitlers past, his experiences in life and influences made him the way he was. He positive contempt for the political government because they led to all the unemployment, war defeats, political and economic crisis in the bucolic that once was a major force to reckon. Hitler also believed in racial theories of the times which led him to break away anti-Semitist policies. Under this policy, the Germans belonging to the Aryan or Master race should persecute the Jews supposed to be the Non-Aryan or Slave race. This anti-Semitism was executed ve ry faithfully immediately after Nazi party came into power in July 1933 (Gordeeva, 1998). It is observed that Hitler made very fast moves once he came into power and within sixer months he invaded Poland. Hitler is observed to be influenced by the political skills of the Mayor of Vienna, who used all possible instruments to gain power. This technique of absolute power has been used by Hitler to propagate his totalitarian, militaristic, anti-Semitic and dictatorial regime cognise as the Third Reich (Guisepi, 2001). Nazi partys breach of Treaty of Versailles and the Great Depression in the whole adult male led to World War II. It is called a World War because most of the countries of the world were involved in the war after Nazi regime invaded Poland. It is supposed to be the most costly war, involving the most countries and killings. There was large scale genocide known as Holocaust (Wikipedia contributor, 2009). The Nazi regime in its mental institution of war and the Holocaust successfully managed the extreme support from a majority of the Germans. But there birth also been incidents of opposition to this regime and its extreme policies from various individuals and groups. Any kind of existing or perceive opposition was brutally suppressed by the army. Hitler used the Alignment Act to implement the policy accord to which all institutions and organizations would come under Nazi control which meant that Non-Aryans and German controlled territories would

History of Informatics and Areas of Practice - Entity Ranking Term Paper - 1

History of Informatics and Areas of Practice - Entity Ranking - Term melodic theme Examplenformatics stand (AMIA), the Healthcare Information and Management Systems Society (HIMSS), and the Ameri behind Nursing Informatics Association (ANIA). I will proceed to describe each group and give required reasoning as to why each is important to me.First to me is the American Medical Informatics Association (AMIA). One of its missions is to add information on the electronic health records, compliance and reimbursement. Rather recent in its development (1989) by the merger of three older groups, the organization concentrates on the holistic study of informatics, with specific concentration in five specific areas. Translational Bioinformatics is basically that which deals with analyzing and finding new ways of storing medical data. Clinical investigate Informatics involves the management of trials and discoveries related to health maintenance and disease prevention. Clinical Informatics is concerned with the practical application of information technology in the treatment arena. Not solely for physicians, its disciplines could also apply to other health care professionals such as dentists and veterinarians. Consumer Health Informatics is the branch concerned with the public information and educations and also is obligated for EMR. Public Health Informatics is where the CDC would be involved, as it is mainly concerned with such things as morbific diseases and bioterrorism (AMIA).Therefore it can be seen that the AMIA is involved in all areas of informatics and as it states in its own bylaws AMIA aims to lead the way in transforming health care through believe science, education, and the practice of informatics. The core of their beliefs is the science of informatics, which in a nutshell is enhancing the health of the patients, while providing the best in quality and safety of care through the use of information technology. As a nonprofit, most of its monies can th erefore be dedicated to promoting informatics. The AMIA also has its own journal,