essays Essays - Fellows Of The Royal Society, Essay,

Essays" redirects here. For other uses, see Essays (disambiguation). John Locke's 1690 Essay Concerning Human Understanding. An essay is a short piece of writing which is often written from an author's personal point of view. Essays can consist of a number of elements, including: literary criticism, political manifestos, learned arguments, observations of daily life, recollections, and reflections of the author. The definition of an essay is vague, overlapping with those of an article and a short story. Almost all modern essays are written in prose, but works in verse have been dubbed essays (e.g. Alexander Pope's An Essay on Criticism and An Essay on Man). While brevity usually defines an essay, voluminous works like John Locke's An Essay Concerning Human Understanding and Thomas Malthus's An Essay on the Principle of Population provide counterexamples. In some countries (e.g., in the United States), essays have become a major part of formal education. Secondary students are taught structured essay formats to improve their writing skills, and admission essays are often used by universities in selecting applicants and, in the humanities and social sciences, as a way of assessing the performance of students during final exams. The concept of an "essay" has been extended to other mediums beyond writing. A film essay is a movie that often incorporates documentary film making styles and which focuses more on the evolution of a theme or an idea. A photographic essay is an attempt to cover a topic with a linked series of photograp

Civil War in United States

Civil War in United States Although the debate regarding the cause of American civil war in the19th century is still ragging, many people still believe that slavery is the major cause of the civil war, which occurred between 1861 and 1865. In the early 19th century, the main issue that threatened the unity of the North and the South was slavery. While the North prohibited slavery, the South permitted it, thus perpetuating slavery of African Americans.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Civil War in United States specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More In this view, the North and the South gradually differed on the issue of slavery, which culminated to the civil war between the two divides, which broke out in 1861. In 1861, the vice president of the South Alexander Stephens in his speech stated that, â€Å"our foundation are laid, its cornerstone rests, upon the great truth that the Negro is not equal to the white man; that slavery, subordination to the superior race is his natural and normal condition† (Berkin, Carol, Miller, Cherny, Gormly, Egerton, and Woestman 317). From his speech, it is evident that slavery was a great issue that caused the civil war between the North and the South. Therefore, this essay argues if it was not for the civil war, the United States would have become half-slave and half-free. What differentiated the North from the South is the institution of slavery. Since the early 19th century, while the Northern states continued to eradicate slavery, the Southern states continued to institutionalize it. Thus, when the Southern states saw that the Northern states do not support slavery, they started agitating for secession. According to Berlin, Carol, Miller, Cherny, Gormly, Egerton, and Woestman, a number of delegates met in South Carolina in 1860 and â€Å"voted unanimously to dissolve their ties with the United States† to protect abolition of slavery in their jurisdiction (315). The secession ma rked the institutionalization of slavery in the South. With institutionalized slavery, the Southern states did not allow African Americans to serve in the Confederate army because they had feared that they might utilize firearms to gain power over the whites they were slaves. Given that African Americans outnumbered the whites in Southern states, there was a possibility of them using their firearms against their masters. Hence, secession coupled with slavery did set the stage for the civil war. Institutionalized slavery in the Southern states became the source of conflict between the Northern states and Southern states. The South continued to expand its territory by recruiting other states to join it with the view of overpowering the North.Advertising Looking for essay on history? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Since the North felt threatened by the South, it started recruiting African Americans into its army so tha t it can fight and overpower the increasing power of the Southern states in expanding its territories. During slavery, the Northern states provided a haven for the African Americans, hence, great number of slaves from the Southern states sought refuge in the Northern states where they gained freedom and fight back. Taking advantage of the large number of slaves who sought refuge, the Northern states recruited them in the Union army and used them in fighting during the civil war. In 1862, Abraham Lincoln passed legislation that allowed the African Americans to participate in the Union army, thus enhancing the power of the North over the South (Nolen 118). Therefore, the increase in the number of African Americans who sought refuge in Northern states and their recruitment in the Union army did pave the way for fall of slavery and integration of the North and the South as the United States of America, which provides freedom to everybody. Hence, without the civil war, the South would no t have agreed to grant freedom and equal rights to African Americans by abolishing slavery. References Berkin, Carol, Christopher Miller, Robert Cherny, James Gormly, Douglas Egerton, and Kelly Woestman. Making America: A History of the United States. New York: Cengage Learning, 2010. Print. Nolen, Claude. African American Southerners in Slavery, Civil War, and Reconstruction.  New York: McFarland, 2005. Print.

The Story of an Hour Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words - 1

The Story of an Hour - Essay Example To Mrs. Mallard, this was a bending of her wills that she did not agree with. If one looks closely at the relevance of the aforementioned heart trouble of the main character, it could be seen that the issue in the marriage is the real heart trouble and not the physical condition of the character. After Mrs. Mallard’s emotional period, she went to her room alone and was met by an â€Å"open window and comfortable, roomy armchair where she sank.† The room is a representation of the private thoughts of Mrs. Mallard where no one entered except her, a condition she was forced to be in because if she told other people, she might be dubbed as rebellious or could be seriously misunderstood. The roomy armchair could portray how comfortably Mrs. Mallard could be with herself, looking honestly into her desires without any condemnation so that she freely thought of all the freedom she could enjoy now that her husband is dead. The open window represents what the character considers as her way of escape from the marriage that â€Å"bent her

Intimate Partner Violence Thesis Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 5250 words

Intimate Partner Violence - Thesis Example Intimate partner violence has become one of the major issues causing women to develop significant unfavorable effects observed with the physical, mental, emotional, and psychological well-being of these women. For health workers who are often called to manage the health of these abused partners, knowledge and skills are very much needed in order to assist these abused partners. According to the Centers for Disease Control, intimate partner violence (IPV) is violence which usually â€Å"occurs between two people in a close relationship†. Intimate partner in this case includes current and former spouses as well as dating partners. This type of violence is observed as a single and as continuing episodes of violence. It also covers different types of behavior including physical violence, sexual violence, threats, and emotional abuse. Physical violence occurs when one partner hurts or tries to hurt his or her partner by hitting, kicking, slapping, or inflicting other types of physical injuries on the partner. Threats include physical or sexual violence with the use of words, weapons, gestures or other tools of communication. Finally, emotional abuse involves threatening a partner or his or her possessions or loved ones or harming them and their self-worth. Examples may include stalking, intimidation, or preventing one from contacting or seeing his or her family and/or friends. This violence may later escalate to physical or sexual assaults, sometimes with growing frequency and severity.

Spirituality Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Spirituality - Essay Example Regardless of this investment and pertinence, the impacts of anxiety and burnout on patient results, understanding security, and quality consideration are not decently characterized by confirmation. Actually, the connection in the middle of stress and burnout to patient results has been investigated in just four examinations. There is an awesome requirement for thorough studies that will analyze these motion in a manner that will yield more strong proof on which to base practice. From the emotionally healthy church stock, I think I can now resolve conflict in a reasonable, coordinate, and conscious way, not what I may have realized experiencing childhood in my family, for example, difficult putdowns, evasion, raising pressures, or heading off to an outsider instead of to the individual straightforwardly (Matt. 18:15 – 18).1 2 3 4 8. I am purposeful at working through the effect of noteworthy "tremor" occasions that molded my present, for example, the demise of a relative, a sudden pregnancy, separate, compulsion, or major money related calamity (Gen. 50:20; Ps. 51). I am ready to express gratitude toward God for all my past backgrounds, perceiving how he has utilized them to extraordinarily shape me into who I am (Gen. 50:20; Rom. 8:28 – 30). I can perceive how certain "generational sins" have been gone down to me through my family history, including character blemishes, lies, privileged insights, methods for adapting to agony, and unfortunate propensities in identifying with others (Ex. 20:5). I neednt bother with support from others to like myself (Prov. 29:25; Gal. 1:10). I assume liability and possession for my past life. From the spiritual assessment of the joint commission, patients need profound quality and trust from their relatives, medical caretakers and specialists. They are their prompt colleagues in spite of God being their supreme being. Most patients are always

Inflation And Supply Side Policies In The Uk Economics Essay

Inflation And Supply Side Policies In The Uk Economics Essay Hints: Using information from the internet and economic textbooks.explain what has been happening to the rate of inflation in your country or a region that includes your country,since 1990.You should include diagrams In our region the inflation is on its peak. the rate of commodities and goods increases day by day with high speed. If we look to the diagram changes have been done in every year. In some time in past the inflation rate fall but in the recent time thats 2009 its raised upto 73% which is quite high as compare to the previous year 2008.So this inflation can bring a lot of changes in daily human life.It can effect every field of life.By inflation facilities become reduced everyone tries to reduce his expenditure because of this he tries to spend less as he could.If he his expenses is high as copare to his outcome so he is not trying to facilitate himself.In short inflation can bring change in every term of life. Followin is a Table which shows inflation and percent change since 1990 till to 2009. Year Inflation, average consumer prices Percent Change 1991 12.628 39.52 % 1992 4.851 -61.59 % 1993 9.825 102.54 % 1994 11.272 14.73 % 1995 13.022 15.53 % 1996 10.789 -17.15 % 1997 11.803 9.40 % 1998 7.812 -33.81 % 1999 5.736 -26.57 % 2000 3.584 -37.52 % 2001 4.41 23.05 % 2002 2.504 -43.22 % 2003 3.102 23.88 % 2004 4.568 47.26 % 2005 9.276 103.06 % 2006 7.921 -14.61 % 2007 7.771 -1.89 % 2008 11.998 54.39 % 2009 20.775 73.15 % Task 2 Define Inflation Provide a clear explanation of 2 different causes of Inflation showing knowledge of Keynesian and monetarist views on inflation. Definition: The overall general upward price of goods and services in an economy is called inflation. OR The raising of price in commodities and other daily life materials is called inflation The downward price of goods and services in an economy is called deflation. OR In economics inflation is a rise in the general level of prices of goods and services in an economy over a period of time. Causes of inflation: Higher indirect taxes imposed by the government: in our country government imposes some indirect taxes annully which ultimately become a cause for rise in the price of commodites For example a rise in the rate of excise duty on alcohol and cigarettes, an increase in fuel duties or perhaps a rise in the standard rate of Value Added Tax or an extension to the range of products to which VAT is applied. These taxes are levied on producers (suppliers) who, depending on the price elasticity of demand and supply for their products, sum up the amount in the price of commodityt. For example, if the government was to choose to levy a new tax on aviation fuel, then this would contribute to a rise in cost-push inflation. Cost-push inflation can be illustrated by an inward shift of the short run aggregate supply curve. This is shown in the diagram below. Ceteris paribus, a fall in SRAS causes a contraction of real national output together with a rise in the general level of prices Rising labour costs: increases in the wages of labour which exceed any improvement in productivity also affect the price of commodity.   This cause is important in those industries which are labour-intensive. Firms may decide not to pass these higher costs onto their customers (they may be able to achieve some cost savings in other areas of the business) but in the long run, wage inflation tends to move closely with price inflation because there are limits to the extent to which any business can absorb higher wage expenses. Monetarists Monetarists do not believe that the government should intervene by trying to manage the level of aggregate demand. They argue that this type of intervening policy will affect acquilibrium in the long run and should therefore be avoided. A key problem with discretionary demand management policies is the time lags, which monetarists believe make fiscal policy too difficult to use to manage the economy effectively. The best thing therefore, is to take a long-run view of price stability and use monetary policy to achieve this. Keynesians Keynesians traditionally see fiscal policy as the key tool of economic management. They see the role of government as maintaining the economy at full employment. The way to do this was to manage the level of aggregate demand until the economy was at or close to full employment. If the economy was growing too fast, then fiscal policy should be essentially deflationary, and vice-versa when below full employment. Monetary policy should, in their view, simply be used as a backup to fiscal policy. However, they would argue that direct interest rate changes could be used to control aggregate demand. Their main objection to monetary policy has always been that there is a weak link between the money supply and aggregate demand, and that. Task 3 What effects would a substantial increases in inflation every year have on the following: An individuals who keeps all his money in a box under his bed. Keeping all his money in box under his bed its means that if someone is money and he is not investing his money in a business or keeping the money in a bank its means that he is decreasing his money one day will come that he will spend all his money so if you have a little money you should have to start a small business then your money will not end over. Someone who is borrowing money at the current rate of inflation but who does not have to pay back for a number of years. It is a good picking point that whenever someone borrows money from someone he is not able to return the money according to the rate of inflation. He may think to return him at rate of inflation. Someone has lent money out at the current rate of inflation but will not be repaid for a number of years. If some one has lent money from someone at the time of current inflation he may need to repaid the money as compare to the rate of inflation.If he has the ability to think then he may need to return more than the original amount he lent. Task 4 Provide reason why the government may want to tackle inflation. Government is trying to control rate of inflation. Inflation can generate a lot of problems in the society. It affect daily life as well as increase in commodities prices. that reasult in the economy , politcal and social unstability It can also bring unemployment as well as poverty. Provide a remedy for each of two different types of inflation you outlined in Task 2 (b). all though the inflation cannot be completely change in deflation in the developing countries but it can be control through removeing its causes. Folwing are the causes which is responsible for inflation Cost Push Inflation Rising imported raw materials costs Rising labour costs Higher indirect taxes imposed by the government A depreciation of the exchange rate A reduction in direct or indirect taxation The rapid growth of the money supply Rising consumer confidence and an increase in the rate of growth of house prices Faster economic growth in other countries Task 5 You have to write a section in the report that includes the following. An explanation of is meant by supply side economics. Supply-side economics is a school of macroeconomic thought that argues that economic growth can be most effectively created by lowering barriers for people to produce (supply) goods and services, such as adjusting income tax and capital gains tax rates, and by allowing greater flexibility by reducing regulation. Consumers will then benefit from a greater supply of goods and services at lower prices. The term supply-side economics was thought, for some time, to have been coined by journalist Jude Wineskin in 1975, but according to Robert D. Atkinsons Supply-Side Follies , the term supply side (supply-side fiscalists) was first used by Herbert Stein, a former economic adviser to President Nixon, in 1976, and only later that year was this term repeated by Jude Wanniski. It popularized the ideas of economists Robert Mundell and Arthur Laffer. Today, supply-side economics is often conflated with the politically rhetorical term trickle-down economics, but as Jude Wanniski points out in his book The Way The World Works, trickle-down economics is conservative Keynesianism associated with the Republican Party. Typical policy recommendations of supply-side economics are lower marginal tax rates and less regulation. Maximum benefits from taxation policy are achieved by optimizing the marginal tax rates to spur growth, although it is a common misunderstanding that supply side economics is concerned only with taxation policy when it is about removing barriers to production more generally. Many early proponents argued that the size of the economic growth would be significant enough that the increased government revenue from a faster growing economy would be sufficient to compensate completely for the short-term costs of a tax cut, and that tax cuts could, in fact, cause overall revenue to increase Evidence of 2 countries that have supply side measures in an attempt to reduce inflation and the success or failure of those measures. What are supply-side policies? Supply-side economic policies are mainly micro-economic policies designed to improve the supply-side potential of an economy, make markets and industries operate more efficiently and thereby contribute to a faster rate of growth of real national output Most governments now accept that an improved supply-side performance is the key to achieving sustained economic growth without a rise in inflation. But supply-side reform on its own is not enough to achieve this growth. There must also be a high enough level of aggregate demand so that the productive capacity of an economy is actually brought into play. There are two broad approaches to the supply-side. Firstly policies focused on product markets where goods and services are produced and sold to consumers and secondly the labour market a factor market where labour is bought and sold. Supply Side Policies for Product Markets Product markets refer to markets in which all kinds of commodities are traded, for example the market for airline travel; for mobile phones, for new cars; for pharmaceutical products and the markets for financial services such as banking and occupational pensions. Supply-side policies in product markets are designed to increase competition and efficiency. If the productivity of an industry improves, then it will be able to produce more with a given amount of resources, shifting the LRAS curve to the right. Measures to encourage small business start-ups / entrepreneurship The small businesses of today can often become the larger businesses of tomorrow, adding to national output, employing more workers and contributing to innovative behaviour that can have positive spill-over effects in other industries. Governments of all political persuasion argue that they want to promote an entrepreneurial culture and to increase the rate of new business start-ups. Supply side policies include loan guarantees for new businesses; regional policy assistance for entrepreneurs in depressed areas of the country; advice for new firms Capital investment and innovation: Capital spending by firms adds to aggregate demand (C+I+G+(X-M)) but also has an important effect on long run aggregate supply. Supply side policies would include tax relief on research and development and reductions in the rate of corporation tax. Ireland is a good example of a country inside the EU that has benefited hugely from cutting company taxes which has led to a large rise in foreign direct investment. One of the new countries joining the EU in 2004, Estonia, has cut its corporation tax rate to zero per cent (0%) in a deliberate attempt to attract new investment and stimulate economic growth and employment. There are now big differences in corporation tax rates among the twenty five nations of the European Union. Corporate Tax Rates in the European Union in 2004 Estonia 0.0% Luxembourg 30.0% Ireland 12.5% Denmark 30.0% Lithuania 15.0% Czech Rep. 31.0% Cyprus 15.0% Portugal 33.0% Latvia 19.0% Austria 34.0% Slovakia 19.0% Belgium 34.0% Poland 19.0% Italy 34.0% Hungary 20.0% Netherlands 34.5% Slovenia 25.0% Spain 35.0% Sweden 28.0% Greece 35.0% Finland 29.0% France 35.4% UK 30.0% Germany 38.7% Innovation and Economic Growth A dynamic environment with opportunities for enterprise and innovation is vital to improving economic performance. New businesses entering the marketplace increase competitive pressures facilitating the introduction of new ideas and technologies. The Government is therefore committed to supporting enterprise and innovation throughout the economy, including in Britains most disadvantaged areas. Supply side policies for the Labour Market These policies are designed to improve the quality and quantity of the supply of labour available to the economy. They seek to make the British labour market more flexible so that it is better able to match the labour force to the demands placed upon it by employers in expanding sectors thereby reducing the risk of structural unemployment. An expansion in the UKs total labour supply increases the productive potential of an economy.   That expansion in the supply of people willing and able to work can come from several sources for example: encouraging older people to stay in the workforce; a relaxed approach to labour migration and measures to get non-working parents to actively look for work. Trade Union Reforms Many of the traditional legal protections enjoyed by the trade unions have been taken away including restrictions on their ability to take industrial action and enter into restrictive practices agreements with employers. The result has been a decrease in strike action in virtually every industry and a significant improvement in industrial relations in the UK. Showing the effects of supply-side improvements in the economy Supply-side factors often help to explain why it is that some countries grow faster than others. In a world of globalisation, it is becoming clearer that maintaining and improving competitiveness is vital in achieving success in international markets. A rising share of GDP in most countries is devoted to international trade. Markets are becoming more competitive and those countries whose supply-side lets those down can find a rising level of import penetration into their domestic markets and a weak export performance in goods and services. Supply side improvements can also be shown using a production possibility frontier Supply side policies and productivity It is important to recognise that the supply-side does not operate in isolation from changes in aggregate demand. If there is insufficient AD, it is unlikely that better supply-side performance can be achieved over a number of years. Equally, if aggregate demand grows too quickly, acceleration in wage and price inflation might require deflationary policies that ultimately harm a countrys productive potential. Evaluating the UKs supply-side performance On the right tracks There has been a remarkable structural improvement in the British economy. This began under Margaret Thatcher and has largely been maintained under Tony Blair. Deregulation, privatisation, reductions in trade union power and reform of unemployment benefits have transformed the business environment. Improvements in the Supply Side Supply-Side Weaknesses Sustained economic growth. The UK has maintained its position as the 4th largest economy in the world and has weathered the global economic downturn well There remains a large productivity between the UK and other leading economies this is now a major focus of supply side policies Task 6 Combine Task 1 to 5 into a single written report to be given to world bank economics unit which is properly structured with. Title of the page Table of contents  Ã‚ ¶ Risk of Inflation  Ã‚ ¶ Definition of Inflation  Ã‚ ¶ Government efforts to control Inflation  Ã‚ ¶ Supply side economics Main body of report In our region the inflation is on its peak. the rate of commodities and goods increases day by day with high speed. If we look to the diagram changes have been done in every year. In some time in past the inflation rate fall but in the recent time thats 2009 its raised upto 73% which is quite high as compare to the previous year 2008.So this inflation can bring a lot of changes in daily human life.It can effect every field of life.By inflation facilities become reduced everyone tries to reduce his expenditure because of this he tries to spend less as he could.If he his expenses is high as copare to his outcome so he is not trying to facilitate himself.In short inflation can bring change in every term of life. Followin is a Table which shows inflation and percent change since 1990 till to 2009 In economics inflation is a rise in the general level of prices of goods and services in an economy over a period of time. Government is trying to control rate of inflation. Inflation can generate a lot of problems in the society. It affect daily life as well as affect commodities prices. It can also bring unemployment as well as poverty. Provide a remedy for each of two different types of inflation you outlined in Task 2 (b). When the causes of inflation remove thats the best solution to control the inflation. Flowing are the causes Cost Push Inflation Rising imported raw materials costs Rising labour costs Higher indirect taxes imposed by the government A depreciation of the exchange rate A reduction in direct or indirect taxation The rapid growth of the money supply Rising consumer confidence and an increase in the rate of growth of house prices Faster economic growth in other countries An explanation of is meant by supply side economics. Supply-side economics is a school of macroeconomic thought that argues that economic growth can be most effectively created by lowering barriers for people to produce (supply) goods and services, such as adjusting income tax and capital gains tax rates, and by allowing greater flexibility by reducing regulation. Consumers will then benefit from a greater supply of goods and services at lower prices. The term supply-side economics was thought, for some time, to have been coined by journalist Jude Wineskin in 1975, but according to Robert D. Atkinsons Supply-Side Follies , the term supply side (supply-side fiscalists) was first used by Herbert Stein, a former economic adviser to President Nixon, in 1976, and only later that year was this term repeated by Jude Wanniski. It popularized the ideas of economists Robert Mundell and Arthur Laffer. Today, supply-side economics is often conflated with the politically rhetorical term trickle-down economics, but as Jude Wanniski points out in his book The Way The World Works, trickle-down economics is conservative Keynesianism associated with the Republican Party. Typical policy recommendations of supply-side economics are lower marginal tax rates and less regulation. Maximum benefits from taxation policy are achieved by optimizing the marginal tax rates to spur growth. Reference and bibliography (Economics Books) Micro Economics Macro Economics Manegiral economics Monetry and Finance Internet Source: Ed Crooks, Source: Government Spending Review Statement July 2002 Economics editor of the Financial Times. June 2004 Appendices

The Federal Court System :: essays research papers

The Federal Court System Chapter 18 Sections 3 and 4 I.  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  The Supreme Court A.  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  The supreme court of the United States is the only court specifically created in the constitution a.  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Chief Justice of the United States b.  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Eight associate justices II.  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Judicial Review A.  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  1st asserted its power of judicial review in the classic case of Marbury vs. Madison in 1803 a.  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  aftermath of the stormy election of 1800 b.  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Provision of the Judicial Act of 1789, in which congress had created the federal court system. Law gave the Supreme Court the right to hear such suits in its original jurisdiction (not on appeal from a lower court). 1.  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Court Refused Request B.  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Marshall’s powerful opinion a.  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  The constitution is, by its own terms, the supreme law of the land b.  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  All legislative enactments, and all other actions of the government, are subordinate to and cannot be allowed to conflict with the supreme law c.  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Judges are sworn to enforce the provisions of the Constitution and therefore must refuse to enforce any governmental action they find to be in conflict with it III.  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Jurisdiction A.  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Original and appellate jurisdiction a.  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  from lower federal courts and from the highest State courts b.  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Article III, Section 2 of the Constitution spells out two classes of cases that may be heard by the High Court in its original jurisdiction 1.  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  those to which a State is a party 2.  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  those affecting ambassadors, other public ministers, and councils B.  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Congress can implement the constitutional provision A.  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  The Court shall have the original and exclusive jurisdiction over 1.  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  all controversies between two or more States 2.  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  all cases brought against ambassadors or other public ministers, but not consuls IV.  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  How cases Reach the Court A.  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  6,000 cases are now appealed to the Supreme Court each year. Of these, the Court accepts only a few hundred for decision. 1.  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Chosen according to â€Å"the rule of four†: at least four of its nine justices must agree that a case should be put on the Court’s docket. B.  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Most cases reach the supreme Court by writ of certiorari 1.  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  an order by the Court directing a lower court to send up the record in a given case for review 2.  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Either party can petition the Court to issue a writ 3.  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã¢â‚¬Å"Cert† is granted in only a limited number of instances – typically, only when a petition raises some important constitutional question or a serious problem of statutory interpretation. 4.  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  When certiorari is denied, the decision of the lower court stands in that particular case. a.  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  All the denial means is that, for whatever reason, four or more justices could not agree that the Supreme Court should accept that case for review C.  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Few cases do reach the Court in yet another way, by certificate.

Direct Instruction: Dynamics of high school teaching

It is very important to create and foster a positive atmosphere in learning. In order to do this the teacher is required to use various strategies geared towards motivating students, fostering good behaviors and learning to students and also motivate students. By creating a positive climate for learning, a teacher also makes the students develop their self-esteem and promote self responsibility to the students. By creating a positive climate for learning, the teacher makes the students to even develop more interest in the subject.A positive climate for leaning can be created by encouraging inclusive learning whereby students are given chance to give their views, there is no discrimination or stereotyping in the classroom regarding the capability of the students and also a classroom environment where there is more interaction between the teacher and the students and also among students (State university, 2010). Creating and implementation of a positive climate for learning involves ca reful planning at the beginning of the teaching programme.The learning environment should take consideration both the cognitive space and physical space. Physical space is managed by the teacher making sure that the classroom is warm and inviting, the classroom arrangement should match with the philosophy that teacher has in his or her learning. The cognitive space involves the creation of motivational climate. The teacher should establish and implement classroom management practice that creates an environment that is engaging for students in the classroom.This can be done by creating a motivational climate and setting expectations. Expectations are set in regard to students behavior. This is expressed by how interactions are made with peers and with the teacher (A partnership of the laboratory for student success and the institute for educational leadership, 2007). Motivational climate involves the development a climate whereby the teacher encourages students to do their best and h elp them be excited and have more interest about what they are learning. (Kerstges, 22/8/1999).Failure to do the above makes there to be a negative classroom climate like the one I expressed with my chemistry teacher who had the feeling that female students were incapable of performing in sciences subject. In teaching, the teacher ignored the concerns of the female students. He would always discourage the female students that he was not so much concerned about there performance because they are underachievers in sciences. There were times when he would not even mark their books when he gave assignments.

New Media for Marketing Practices

New Media for Marketing Practices New media and the modern economy No one can dispute the fact that new media has gained wide usage. While a number of people argue that new media presents problems for the operation of companies, I beg to differ with them basing on experience as a user of new media and backup from academic literature. New media has brought about a substantial number of benefits to firms across different industries.Advertising We will write a custom research paper sample on New Media as the Most Common Platforms on Which Firms Enhance Marketing Practices specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Weitz and Wensley (281) observed that the 21st century has witnessed a revolution in communication and media. The number of media platforms has been rising at an accelerated pace. As it is today, there are numerous media platforms that are used in the world. New media platforms have overshadowed the ancient forms of media. They include blogs and other social media platfo rms like Twitter, Facebook, YouTube and Skype. Advancement in information and communication technology has backed up the development of new media. Massive debates in the prevailing corporate world are centered on new media and how they are utilized to enhance business performance. Companies have concentrated on developing new media platforms because they enhance business. A substantial number of companies have been reported to have developed strong media platforms (Stokes 174). The contribution of new media to business development I have made numerous observations about the role of new media in business enhancement. New media develop out of the demand for the flow of information an interaction between people in distant locations. They are a wide range of new media platforms which keep advancing day by day. New media platforms that exist in the current globalized economy include Facebook, Twitter, Skype, Yahoo and YouTube. Research about new media produces findings which show that ne w media platforms attract a substantial number of customers as soon as they are developed. New media platforms have users which range from millions into billions. Billions of people use diverse platforms of new media for conducting social and business transactions. This means that firms can easily get people to buy their products on the new media (Weitz and Wensley 283). Using new media to enhance customer engagement Speaking of competition in the current global economy, I would like to point at how new media helps in enhancing competitiveness of firms. According to Hastings (177), the current global economy is competitive. There exist a high number of companies which compete for customers. The new media have turned into desirable tools for increasing the level of engagement between firms and their customers. With new media, it is easy for companies to manage customers. New media work based on advanced information and communication technologies. Information and communication technol ogy is the most desired platform on which firms maximize on the opportunities that exist in the environment. Advancement in information and communication technology is often accompanied by the growth in new media (Lievrouw and Livingstone 1).Advertising Looking for research paper on communications media? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More I can strongly say that new media are the most common platforms on which firms enhance marketing practices. I argue this from the experience I have as an active user of new media. Companies keep creating online marketing platforms. Most global firms thriving the market today, highly utilize new media. They use these platforms in linking link with customers who use new media. With new media, firms get it easy to link to a wide range of customers (Hastings 178). They get to understand different demands and needs of customers thus tailoring products and services to meet their demands. Th rough the use of online marketing platforms, a substantial number of firms have managed to expand their sales. Firms also manage to export their products into new markets that are placed in areas that are distant from where they produce. Firms are advertising their products using the new media. Better utilization of the new media for advertising help firms to create strong brands. They also get views on the trend in the market through the new media hence make strategic moves that help them remain competitive (Stafford and Faber 2). Hastings, Gerard. The Sage Handbook of Social Marketing, Thousand Oaks, CA: SAGE Publications Inc, 2011. Print. Lievrouw, Leah A, and Sonia M. Livingstone. Handbook of New Media: Social Shaping and Social Consequences of Icts, London: SAGE, 2006. Print. Stafford, Marla R, and Ronald J. Faber. Advertising, Promotion, and New Media, Armonk, NY: M. E. Sharpe, 2005. Print. Stokes, Jane C. The Media in Britain: Current Debates and Developments, Basingstoke: M acmillan, 1999. Print.Advertising We will write a custom research paper sample on New Media as the Most Common Platforms on Which Firms Enhance Marketing Practices specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Weitz, Barton, and Robin Wensley. Handbook of Marketing, London: SAGE, 2006. Print.

Air Arabia and Integrated Enterprise Planning

Air Arabia and Integrated Enterprise Planning Project Charter for implementation Enterprise Resource Planning System Company Profile Air Arabia started its operations in 2003 following a directive from His Highness Doctor Sheikh Sultan Bin Mohamed Al Qassimi (Air Arabia, 2013) . The firm later became a company limited by liability through incorporation. Air Arabia has two hubs with one of the hubs in its headquarters in Sharjah International Airport in the United Arab Emirates while the other hub is in Casablanca, Morocco (Air Arabia, 2013).The firm has more than 57 destinations specifically in Middle East, North Africa, Asia and Europe (Air Arabia, 2013)Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Air Arabia and Integrated Enterprise Planning specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Purpose Statement Air Arabia intends to install an Integrated Enterprise Planning system to aid its strategic objectives (Air Arabia, 2013). Scope Statement The project scope covers the following: iden tity integrating database, instructors’ compensation, employees, finance, public relations management, and data warehousing (Gulf News, 2005). Deliverables Enterprise Resource planning envisions three major deliverables. The first deliverable is system implementation where it is expected that the system will be in place as expected. Two, corporate process enhancement in which the system’s functionality remains without destroying efficiency and control (AME Info, 2005). Lastly, Enterprise Resource Planning should aid transfer of knowledge to equip intended users with proper information and to aid the company become more self-reliant. Goals and Objectives The overall goal is the implementation of Enterprise Resource Planning system to meet the following objectives: improve the quality of Air Arabia online transactions, and human resource experience by way of self-service choices. Secondly, to design its corporate image for flight excellence and better passenger experienc e (Focus Soft Net, 2013). The third objective is designing of corporate intelligent techniques for improved decision making while the fourth is to improve the company’s corporate processes and lastly, to bring down information technology expenses and other expenses as well Stakeholders and Roles Main stakeholders include the sponsor, implementation steering committee, budget review committee, project director and consultant team leads. The sponsor, being the champion of the project offers strategic path for the project, obtains finance approval for the project, monitors continued commitment and collaborates with the implementation committee to ensure timely decisions (Focus Soft Net, 2013).Advertising Looking for essay on business economics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More The implementation steering committee works to design the overall objective of the project, review and pass the project charter, avail nec essary resources and provide management assistance to the whole project team (Focus Soft Net, 2013). The budget review committee will review the budget accordingly on aspects like expenses, costs and meet on a monthly basis to advise the implementation steering committee. The project director endeavors to coordinate the project activities, offer administrative support, design and execute master project plan, and liaise with external stakeholders. Lastly, the consultant team leads will participate in the project administration process, and provide support in designing of a project plan (Focus Soft Net, 2013). Cost and Estimate Schedule The project is estimated to take up to 4 million US dollars spread over six phases estimated to go for two years. This cost includes purchase of software, consultancy, training of staff and initial maintenance (Focus Soft Net, 2013). Chain Of Command The project sponsor is the head of the project the chain proceeds as follows: Implementation committee, project director, technical lead, project coordinator, project consultants and various teams within the company (Air Arabia, 2013). Assumptions and Agreements The project has various risk factors. Insufficient funding may stall the project while different stakeholders may fail to play their role effectively. In addition, the scope of the project may introduce new risk exposures (Focus Soft Net, 2013). Communication Plan Communication will mainly take the form of the project charter itself, communication from the sponsor and proceedings of project status meetings (Focus Soft Net, 2013). References Air Arabia. (2013). Background. Web.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Air Arabia and Integrated Enterprise Planning specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More AME Info. (2005). Air Arabia Implements Focus Softnets ERP solution. Web. Focus Soft Net. (2013). Air Arabia. Web. Gulf News. (2005). Air Arabia Installs ERP Solution from Focu s. Web.

Health Information Systmes Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Health Information Systmes - Essay Example Present day concern of disseminating information at a faster rate has led to the rising use of Data Systems that will monitor programs and services. Aging of the Population - Although the main impact of the aging of the population will not be felt for two decades or more, the growth of the population 85 years old and older will continue to strain nursing homes, home health, and other components of the long-term care system. Unprecedented growth of pharmaceutical industries has led to the emergence of new drugs and treatments in the market. Health Information system becomes indispensable since it will help in tracking drug interactions. In the recent times there had been considerable rise in the frequency of information exchange among the healthcare organizations. It becomes essential to have accurate records of treatment procedures. Inclusion of personal digital assistants (PDAs) into the healthcare system has also become of significant use. The major reason for the rising importance of Health Information System is the development of complex treatments and technologies. The organizations feel the need for a comprehensive data base since the volumes of patients and treatments have escalated in the last few decades. Inclination to opt for paperless records is another major reason for the popularity of this system of storing information. The vital factor among all the factors mentioned above is the growing number of patients and the advent of various complicated drugs and therapies. This has made the health care system highly dependant on computed system of acquiring information. Sleek and easy accessibility of information through computer s is preferred to bulky paper records. Advent of a host of new diagnostic tools and tests certainly require extra attention in information management with added emphasis on processing and storing documents. Heal Information system has proved to be a boon for clinicians, consumers and the health system. Besides reducing the amount of time spent in recording the details of patient care this automated system helps in eliminating inaccuracies and redundancy of data. Through this updated information system you get optimal access to information which also helps in improving the quality of care by rendering the streamlined information to the experts. (Conrick p 241) Module 2 As the head of Slainte health care organization I have to pay due attention to some issues arising due to the decision of accommodating the professional, administrative and maintenance Earlier Slainte health care organization had to cater themselves to the need of 1, staff of the destroyed hospital in the neighboring community. Due to this makeshift arrangement supposedly for4 years, I have to attend to the related matters about various layers of administration and smooth operation. Earlier my hospital had to serve 100,000 residents but now it has got the added responsibility to accommodate 50, 000 more people from its neighboring community. In order to provide the medical care to both the communities a plausible expansion process is to be sought out. Factors like present infrastructure of my hospital, staffs in every department and the number of beds available are to be considered before assessing the added requirements. I have to take into

Social Media on the Internet Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1750 words

Social Media on the Internet - Essay Example One of the most notable features of social media is that it has grown exponentially across the world within a very short duration compared to other business and communication tools in human history. To illustrate this phenomenon, Lee (2010) points out that while it took 13 years for television to attract over 50 million viewers and 38 years for radio to attract about 50 million listeners, it took 4 years only for internet to attract 50 million participants. He further points out that it took social media platform, Facebook, one and a half years to attract the same number of participants. There has been raging debate on whether the availability and use of social media on the internet is useful to businesses in regard to providing them with new and different useful information. This paper will discuss how the availability and use of social media on the internet really provide businesses with new and different useful information. Historically, technology has been injected and adopted in to the society as well as the business world and it has often required that there be a radical shift in business and cultural processes and practices (Lincoln, 2009). Social media is one such kind of technology in the business world. Unlike other types of technologies, social media technology greatly reflects the social behavior of people. Social media is also unique in the sense that it allows anybody to produce media content and deliver it by interactive communication. Qualman (2010) notes that the available statistics show that social media has established itself as the media of choice around the world over the last 4 years, with over a quarter of the world population using one type of social media or another. The growth of social media has been so tremendous such that social media platforms such as YouTube, Facebook, and Twitter have grown rapidly and have gradually relegated other forms of advertising such as print advertisements, and threatened them with extinction (Nair, 2011 ). The popularity of the use of social media on the internet can be attributed to four reasons. To start with, users can get the latest information on virtually anything they want. Secondly, it satisfies the desires of the users of expressing themselves. Users are also able to see how individuals and groups that they are interested in are doing therefore getting more satisfaction. Finally, it helps people to escape from their day-to-day routine by providing alternative ways of using time (Lee, 2010). The fact that social media has experienced exponential growth over the years cannot be disputed. However, there has been debate on whether the availability and use of social media on the internet really provides businesses with new and different useful information. The response to this question has been two-fold: on one side, there are those who believe that it does provide businesses with new and different useful information, while on the other side there are those who believe that it does not (Nair, 2011). While the later side has its reasons for taking that position, there is a greater consensus among those engaged in this debate that, indeed, the availability and use of social media on the internet provides businesses with new and different useful information (Hinchcliffe et al., 2012). So, how does the use of social